Depends on your definition of a computer. An abacus could be somewhat considered a computer in some people's opinion. The Zuse Z3 was the world's first programmable automated machine, and was designed by Konrad Zuse and completed in 1941 in Germany. The first commercial digital computer was The Zuse Z4.
If your def of a computer requires a Graphical User Interface and mouse, the first would be the Xerox Alto in 1973. It wasn't commercial, but used by Xerox and Universities. The first commercial computer with a GUI and mouse is the Macintosh made by Apple in 1984.
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Lots of people over a very long period of time. The very first "computer" in the broadest modern sense was a programmable loom invented in the 1800s by a man named Joseph Jacquard.
The modern microprocessor computer was first marketed by Intel, but other research labs were working at the same time to bring microprocessors to market as well, such as Texas Instruments.
Major Companies Influential in developing the modern computer include:
IBM
Intel
Microsoft
Xerox
Apple
Sun
Cisco
Innumerable scientists, researchers, engineers, and enthusiasts helped create the computer revolution over the last 100 years.
The Windows Operating System was invented by Bill Gates the founder of Microsoft.
Apple Computers were invented by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak.
Android was invented out of a consortium that was trying to create an open-source mobile OS that was later bought by Google.
iOS was created by developers at Apple as an extension of the Mac operating system for mobile devices.