What is the meaning of batch online and real processing?

Answer 1

Batch processing refers to applications that are run in batches, often overnight due to limited system resources. For example, bank transaction processing is database intensive, so actually applying the transactions to all the accounts is done when the system is less busy. In batch processing all the data is stored and presented to the program(s) to handle them at once, in one or more large bundles or "batches." Online processing is what you're doing right now. The application is waiting for you to tell it what to do, and it does it when you tell it to. In the bank example, accepting data for transactions and calculating the available balance would be done online. Online processing doesn't require being "on the line" of a network or modem connection, though nowadays it's quite common. Real-time processing refers to applications that need to respond within a certain amount of time — usually on the order of seconds — to get the job done. Examples include rocket telemetry processing, many military applications, flight systems, and industrial automation and control systems. For example, if something goes wrong in a factory, a real-time system needs to be able to detect the situation and perform some action, such as notifying an operator or shutting down the problem area, within a few seconds.