Information processing cycle of computer can be well described by the following points: (1) input, (2) processing, (3) output and (4) storage
Typical input devices:
Keyboards, mice, flatbed scanners, bar code readers, joysticks, digital data tablets (for graphic drawing), electronic cash registersdogg anal is also known as, a program. It interprets computerprogram instructions and processes data. CPUs provide the fundamental digital computer trait of programmability, and are one of the necessary components found in computers of any era, along with memory and input/output facilities. A CPU that is manufactured as a single integrated circuit is usually known as a microprocessor. Beginning in the mid-1970s, microprocessors of ever-increasing complexity and power gradually supplanted other designs, and today the term "CPU" is usually applied to some type of microprocessor. Microprocessor (CPU)
Integrated circuit, also called a chip. The Brain of the computer
Composed of: ALU: Arithmetic Logic Unit: Processor Controller High speed calculator
Intel is the most popular chip
Categorized by model numbers
Higher model number=newer/faster chip
Speed of CPU is determined by clock speed
Higher the clock speed, faster the computer
Speed is measured in megahertz (MHz) Megahertz: Clock Speed of the processor (100 MHz = 100 million cycles/second). Memory or RAM Next most critical element of a processing hardware is RAM, often referred to as "primary storage" or "main memory". Random Access Memory (RAM) receives and temporarily stores data and program instructions from the CPU This data bank communicates with the CPU, constantly exchanging information and constantly changing as long as the computer is on
RAM is an active, electronic state. When the power is on, RAM retains data. When the computer is turned off, all data in RAM is erased unless you have saved it to some mass storage device. Each time the computer boots, the computergoes through it's startup routine and lastly loads operating system instructions into RAM
Random Access Memory (RAM) is the workhorse behind the performance of your computer. Working as a foot soldier for your processor, RAM temporarily stores information from your operating system, applications, and data in current use. This gives your processor easy access to the critical information that makes your programs run. The amount of RAM you have determines how many programs can be executed at one time and how much data can be readily available to a program. It also determines how quickly your applications perform and how many applications you can easily toggle between at one time. Simply put, the more RAM you have, the more programs you can run smoothly and simultaneously. To determine how much RAM you need, factor in the demands of the applications you want to run simultaneously as well as the operating system (512 MB of RAM is recommended by Microsoft as minimum for operation of Windows) Then keep in mind that you'll inevitably add new applications and create new files, and add accordingly. RAM: (Random Access Memory): (Click here to read "How Stuff Works - RAM") Types of RAM
Understanding the relationship between CPU and RAMThe hierarchical arrangement of memory storage in current computerarchitectures is called the memory hierarchy. It is designed to take advantage of memory locality in computer programs. Each level of the hierarchy is of higher speed and lower latency, and is of smaller size, than lower levels. The memory hierarchy in most computers is as follows:
3. OutputIn information processing, output is the process of transmitting the processing informationEssentially, output is the presentation of any data exiting a computersystem. This could be in the form of printed paper, audio, video. In the medical industry this might include CT scans or x-rays. Typically in computing, data is entered through various forms (input) into a computer, the data is often manipulated, and then information is presented to a human (output). Typical output devices:Monitors
4. StorageStorage, or mass storage refers to various techniques and devices for storing large amounts of data. The earliest storage devices were punched paper cards, which were used as early as 1804 to control silk-weaving looms. Modern mass storage devices include all types of disk drives and tape drives. Mass storage is distinct from memory, which refers to temporary storage areas within the computer. Unlike RAM memory, mass storage devices retain data even when the computer is turned off. The smallest unit of storage is a file that contains such data as a resume, letter, budget, images or any one of the thousands of items that you may have saved for future reference. Additionally, files can be executable program files, or system files reserved for the operating system. Mass storage is measured in kilobytes (1,024 bytes), megabytes (1,024 kilobytes), gigabytes (1,024 megabytes) and terabytes (1,024 gigabytes). Examples of some mass storage devices
The four functions of the Information Processing Cycle are input, processing, output, and storage. This is the cycle that computers must perform for the viewer to get their information.
"Data processing is simply the conversion of raw data into meaningful information through a process."& Data Processing Cycle is described by following imageImage source: jhigh.co.uk
Select the first step in the Information Processing Cycle.
Ans.The data-processing cycle describes how data is processed into information by the computer. The input stage is the first stage of the data-processing cycle. Data is collected and entered into the computer. In the processing stage, the computer converts data into information according to given instructions. After processing, the information is presented to users in the output stage. Information is stored on different types of media in the storage stage. The stored information can be used later for a different data processing cycle. In this way, the data- processing cycle continues.
True!
The data processing cycle is the process of converting data into useful information. The data is processed again and again until the accurate result is achieved. The three basic activities of data processing are: 1. Input 2. Processing 3. Output
Information processing cycle
I don't know, i am sorry. But we say this..... : Google is your friend :)
(1- input (2-processing (3-storage (4-output
The information processing cycle simply shows how information moves from one point to another. An example involves receptor, the control center, effector and finally to the environment.
input,proccesing,output,storage
The data processing cycle is the process of converting data into useful information. The data is processed again and again until the accurate result is achieved. The three basic activities of data processing are: 1. Input 2. Processing 3. Output