Excel is a spreadsheet application. RDBMS is a Relational Database Management System. Excel has databasing capabilities, but does not have the capabilities of a relational database. There are many facilities in a RDBMS that Excel cannot do or can only do to a very limited amount. Excel is for numerical analysis and manipulation, which is what a spreadsheet is for. Databases are for managing lists of data. So while they both can manipulate data, they are for different kinds of jobs.
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SQL (Structured Query Language) is a language for manipulating or retrieving information from a Relational Database system. Excel is a spreadsheet application. So one is a language and the other is an application. They are radically different.