A Real Time Operating System or RTOS is an operating system for creating real time applications. In real time the correctness of the application depends on the logical correctness and the time of execution. i.e. It is time critical. The output must be produced within the dead-line specified. Such real time systems are called hard real time systems. In such systems the delayed results may cause in a catastrophy. There are other real time systems called soft real time, which can tolerate the delay in results, but will result in poor quality outputs.
There are several advantages and disadvantages of having a real time operating system. One disadvantage is unseen errors, an advantage is timing.
A single user OS could also be a real-time system. The differences in the two are based on how a process is given control or priority within the system. Realtime systems give preferences to realtime control processes (realtime runs at a much higher priority level). Most single-user operating systems treat processes with equal priority unless you indicate that a certain process is to receive preferential treatment. This can be done by raising the priority of the user process to that of realtime, meaning it will receive resources (such as CPU cycles) above other programs in the system.
No. Windows is (regrettably). Mac and Linux are the other main contenders.
Some versions of Unix are oriented towards real time applications, and processes in Unix can be "promoted" to real time status if desired. Other than that, you would have to define more precisely what you mean by real time for an operating system.
Realtime Worlds was founded in 2002.
Realtime Interrupt was created in 1995.
Realtime Associates was created in 1986.
Realtime Worlds ended in 2010.
Realtime Worlds's population is 200.
Marooned in Realtime has 270 pages.
Marooned in Realtime was created in 1986-09.
A complete answer to this question is beyond the scope of this website, as it requires several years of college courses and about twice that in on the job experience to properly learn. However it is basically an extension of standard systems analysis and design (which is still at least 2 full college courses) with a large amount of tedious bookkeeping added to make certain that all realtime requirements are fully met.Another point that is vital to understand is whether this is a hard realtime system or a soft realtime system. Hard realtime systems are much more difficult, as failure to meet even one of the real time requirements means total failure of the system to fulfill its purpose, making it useless. Soft realtime systems on the other hand are permitted to occasionally miss deadlines or otherwise fail to consistently meet some of the realtime requirements, as long as it is able to catchup later and meet the realtime requirements on the average.