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Disk scheduling policies and algorithms are used to manage how requests for disk access are processed. Common algorithms include First-Come, First-Served (FCFS), Shortest Seek Time First (SSTF), SCAN, and C-SCAN. FCFS processes requests in the order they arrive, while SSTF selects the request closest to the current head position to minimize seek time. SCAN and C-SCAN move the disk arm in one direction servicing requests until the end is reached, then reverse direction (SCAN) or jump back to the beginning (C-SCAN).

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