There are several file systems employed by both operating systems, thus you need to be more specific when asking for a comparison. Windows most commonly uses NTFS these days, although older versions used FAT. There are several popular file systems for Linux, depending on usage. The most common is ext3 or ext4, although ext2, ReiserFS, JFS, XFS, and several others all have fairly common usage.
There is no such thing as "Windows Linux." Linux is not a version of Windows and has nothing at all to do with Windows. They are two totally completely different operating systems made by completely different people.
The question cannot be answered as stated, since you don't mention which Windows system and which distro of Linux
what are similarities and differences between linux and unix?
Two operating systems are; Windows, and Linux.
Hard disks are same the file systems have many diferences !
There are no "joined" Linux and Windows operating systems, so there is no name for them.
Windows uses 4 file systems: FAT, NTFS, exFAT, and ReFS. "Linux" supports dozens of file systems, there are too many to mention. The differences between them are massive and specific to the file system in question. For a proper answer you need to read http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_system . It is incorrect to say "the Linux file system is faster than Windows" because it's dependent on the data, and of course because there is no "Linux file system." It's incorrect to say "The Linux filesystem is more/less secure than the Windows file system" for the same reason. Drive encryption is available in both Windows and Linux. To the average user, there is no functional difference.
Virtual memory may be implemented in different ways in different operating systems, such as Windows and Linux, but the core concept is the same; you are simulating more memory than you have by temporarily putting it on disk. The idea is the same between the two operating systems, and the way of implementing may be very different.From the user's point of view they are the same.
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It would seem that when comparing Linux, Macintosh and Windows operating systems, Linux has the advantage. However, most programs and applications that are in high demand are usually written for Windows operating systems.
If by computer systems you mean operating systems, then: 1) Windows 2) Macintosh 3) Linux
C programming is just that no matter if the operating system is Windows or Linux. Operating systems usually have an Application Program Interface that is commonly known as an API. The APIs of Windows will be different than Linux because the operating systems are (very) different.