What are the key differences between qubits and bits in terms of their computational capabilities and potential applications?
Qubits and bits are fundamental units of information in quantum and classical computing, respectively. The key difference lies in their ability to exist in multiple states simultaneously. Qubits, due to superposition and entanglement, can perform complex calculations faster than classical bits. This enables quantum computers to potentially solve problems that are infeasible for classical computers, such as cryptography and optimization. However, quantum computers are still in the early stages of development and face challenges in error correction and scalability.