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Why are segmentation and paging sometimes combined into one scheme?

Anonymous

∙ 13y ago

Updated: 10/3/2023

Segments can be of different lengths, so it is harder to find a place for a segment in memory than a page. With segmented virtual memory, we get the benefits of virtual memory but we still have to do dynamic storage allocation of physical memory. In order to avoid this, it is possible to combine segmentation andpaging into a two-level virtual memory system. Each segment descriptor points to page table for that segment.This give some of the advantages of paging (easy placement) with some of the advantages of segments (logical division of the program).

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Segments can be of different lengths, so it is harder to find a place for a segment in memory than a page. With segmented virtual memory, we get the benefits of virtual memory but we still have to do dynamic storage allocation of physical memory. In order to avoid this, it is possible to combine segmentation andpaging into a two-level virtual memory system. Each segment descriptor points to page table for that segment.This give some of the advantages of paging (easy placement) with some of the advantages of segments (logical division of the program).

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Q: Why are segmentation and paging sometimes combined into one scheme?

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Why are segmentiation and paging sometimes combined into one scheme?

Segmentation and paging are combined in a scheme called Segmented Paging to leverage the benefits of both techniques. This allows for efficient management of memory by dividing it into segments based on logical partitions and further dividing those segments into pages for optimized memory utilization and protection. Segmenting helps in managing variable-sized data structures, while paging streamlines memory allocation and reduces fragmentation. By combining these two strategies, Segmented Paging enhances memory management and provides more flexibility in handling memory access and protection.

Write short notes on segmentation?

segmentation is scheme in which the logical memory is broken into a number of variable length blocks called SEGMENTATION.

What is memory management scheme which support the user's view of memory?

paging

Difference between a page and a segment?

Paging is a virtual memory scheme which is transparent to the program at the application level and which divides memory into fixed-size blocks, such as 4 KBytes. The segmentation memory management scheme imposes a greater book-keeping burden on the application, and refers to memory using segments of variable size. segmentation is a logical unit visible to the user's program and id of arbitary size whereas paging is a physical unit invisible to the user's view and is of fixed size

What is paging and segmentation in an operating system?

Paging refers to the division of address spaces into fixed size units and the logical addresses are in the form of tuples. On the other hand, segmentation is the dividing of address spaces into a defined number of segments.

What is contiguous allocation?

Paging is a memory management scheme that permits the physical- address space of process to be noncontiguous.

Explain in detail page memory management scheme?

Memory Management is the crucial part of the concurrent systems.Various methods are used to utilize memory efficiently.Memory paging is the one from them .Memory Paging:pagingis one of the memory-management schemes by which a computer can store and retrieve data from secondary storage for use in main memory. In the paging memory-management scheme, the operating system retrieves data from secondary storage in same-size blocks called pages. The main advantage of paging over memory segmentation is that it allows the physical address space of a process to be noncontiguous. Before the time paging was used, systems had to fit whole programs into storage contiguously, which caused various storage andfragmentation problems.[1]Paging is an important part of virtual memory implementation in most contemporary general-purpose operating systems, allowing them to use disk storage for data that does not fit into physical random-access memory (RAM).

What is paging?

Paging is a memory management scheme, in which data is fetched from the disk to memory in the form of equal size blocks called pages.paging is a method for allowing the non-contiguous allocation of memory space to processes when nedded.

Compare the memory organization schemes of contiguous memory allocation, pure segmentation, and pure paging with respect to the following issues External fragmentation?

Contiguous memory allocation scheme suffers from external fragmentation as address spaces are allocated contiguously and holes develop as old processes die and new processes are initiated. It also does not allow processes to share code, since a process's virtual memory segment is not broken into non-contiguous fine-grained segments. Pure segmentation also suffers from external fragmentation as a segment of a process is laid out contiguously in physical memory and fragmentation would occur as segments of dead processes are replaced by segments of new processes. Segmentation, however, enables processes to share code; for instance, two different processes could share a code segment but have distinct date segments. Pure paging does not suffer from external fragmentation, but instead suffers from internal fragmentations. Processes are allocated in page granularity and if a page is not completely utilized, it results in internal fragmentation and a corresponding wastage of space. Paging also enables processes to share code at the granularity of pages.

What are the difference between partitionpaging and segmentation?

Paging is a virtual memory scheme which is transparent to the program at the application level and which divides memory into fixed-size blocks, such as 4 KBytes. The segmentation memory management scheme imposes a greater book-keeping burden on the application, and refers to memory using segments of variable size.

Difference between demand paging and demand segmentation?

Demand paging and Demand segmentation are both ways to implement the" virtual memory scheme" to enhance the multitasking abilities of the OS with respect to the 2 the memory management schemes : paging and segmentation. Where demand paging means, bringing a fixed-sized block of memory, known as a frame, from the backing store to the main memory, the demand segmentation is the same for a whole big segment of data, which might have any size(not predefined, not pre-known to OS).! Page demanding happens when an application requests for a page that does not exist on the main memory, but is illusioned to be there by the virtual memory .In this case, an unavoidable system call "trap" demands for this page to be fetched from the backing store to be stored in one of the free memory locations in the memory (if possible) OR replace it with any other page in it according to the Page replacement algorithm being used. Now, since pages are fixed-sized blocks of memory, then the case of Page replacement is easy since it is known that 1 page (fixed size memory-block) needs to be replaced for this page to be accommodated. But in case of segments, since they are of variable sizes (maybe larger (often) or smaller than a general page-size), it is difficult to create a space for it in the main memory. The Segment replacement algorithm in that case would be a bit cumbersome and less efficient to optimally create an appropriate-sized memory block for this segment to be fetched from the backing store into the main memory. Also, a problem (very low probability) might occur where the segment size is too large for the physical memory to accommodate.

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