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If you're talking about electronic communication, both analog and digital communication use a "carrier" frequency to send data. Voice can be across a wire without a carrier, but it's not very efficient. When a carrier frequency is used, the baseline frequency or amplitude can be modulated to transmit the data. In the case of a digital signal, the computer is watching the pulses. any anomaly in the pulses that are expected at a specific time can be converted to data. Data is validated using checksums and parity.

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Frequency is the number of times a signal changes state in one second. Sometimes compared to cycles per second.

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Q: What is frequency in data communications?
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What is the advantages of multiplexing?

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What is the relationship between frequency and bandwidth in terms of data transmission?

Frequency and bandwidth are closely related in data transmission. Frequency refers to the number of cycles per second that a signal oscillates at, while bandwidth is the range of frequencies that a signal occupies. In data transmission, higher frequencies allow for more data to be transmitted in a given amount of time, resulting in a wider bandwidth. Therefore, a higher frequency signal typically has a larger bandwidth and can carry more information.


What is the purpose of protocols in data communications and how do they facilitate the exchange of information between devices?

Protocols in data communications serve as rules that govern how data is transmitted and received between devices. They facilitate the exchange of information by ensuring that devices can understand and interpret the data being sent, establish connections, and manage the flow of data. In essence, protocols enable devices to communicate effectively and reliably with each other in a standardized manner.