Coding and conversion of Application layer data to ensure that data from the source device can be interpreted by the appropriate application on the destination device.
Compression of the data in a manner that can be decompressed by the destination device.
Encryption of the data for transmission and the decryption of data upon receipt by the destination.
Primary functions provided by Layer 2 data encapsulation include data link layer addressing, and the detection of errors via cyclic redundancy check calculations. An additional function is delimiting groups of bits into frames.
The three layers that I could think of are User interface, Client side, and server side.
There are three layers in between the network layer & application layer on the basis of ISO-OSI refference they are given below 1:Transmition layer 2:Session layer 3:Presentation layer
Switches / Bridges and hubs work at data link layer, but there are layer three switches which operate at network layer. Dhruv
layer 3 layer 3 Switch/ Bridges / Hubs works at layer 2 as they utilizes MAC address to communicate. However i aggree above stated answer as there are some layer three switches that work at Layer3 i.e. Network Layer. Dhruv
* addressing * error detection * frame delimiting
Primary functions provided by Layer 2 data encapsulation include data link layer addressing, and the detection of errors via cyclic redundancy check calculations. An additional function is delimiting groups of bits into frames.
The three layers that I could think of are User interface, Client side, and server side.
A network consists of multiple computers communicating with one another over a shared network medium. Topology refers to the shape of a network, or the network's layout. In this unit, you have learnt about the various topologies and its structure. The OSI model is a seven-layer model for communications and computer network protocol design. In this unit, you have learnt about the OSI model and the functions of the various layers.
There are three layers in between the network layer & application layer on the basis of ISO-OSI refference they are given below 1:Transmition layer 2:Session layer 3:Presentation layer
The three primary layers of the Earth's ionosphere are the D layer, which is the lowest layer closest to the surface, the E layer, which is the middle layer, and the F layer, which is the highest layer. Each layer has unique characteristics and plays a role in the reflection and absorption of radio waves in the atmosphere.
with single programming language we cannot do anything on the internet. Actually every application in java is divided into three layers. Presentation layer, Application layer, Data layer. Every layer has its own specification. Presentation layer role is to interact with client means presentation layer takes input from the user and send it to Application layer. Application layer is a business logic layer. All the logic is done in this layer. Data layer contains the data. for example:- suppose user enters student no. and student name in presentation layer, from here the data is send to application layer. In application layer we can write the logic for inserting, deleting, retriving and modifying the user data in database. From here the controller goes to datalayer to fetch data from database and sends the data back to user then the user see the corresponding data in the presentation layer. For presentation layer: html, jsp, velocity etc are used. For application layer: ejb, hibernate....... for data layer: oracle.......
the work that involves taking things from the Earth is called primary industry
Operations, Marketing and finance
smtp(simple mail transfer protocol,),ftp,(file trasfer protocol),ip(nternet protocol).
A: The processes contains three basic functions, arithmetic's, controller, input/output
1.in the making of nominations 2.in the primary focus an 3.in the scope of their interest