Coding and conversion of Application layer data to ensure that data from the source device can be interpreted by the appropriate application on the destination device.
Compression of the data in a manner that can be decompressed by the destination device.
Encryption of the data for transmission and the decryption of data upon receipt by the destination.
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Primary functions provided by Layer 2 data encapsulation include data link layer addressing, and the detection of errors via cyclic redundancy check calculations. An additional function is delimiting groups of bits into frames.
The three layers that I could think of are User interface, Client side, and server side.
There are three layers in between the network layer & application layer on the basis of ISO-OSI refference they are given below 1:Transmition layer 2:Session layer 3:Presentation layer
Switches / Bridges and hubs work at data link layer, but there are layer three switches which operate at network layer. Dhruv
layer 3 layer 3 Switch/ Bridges / Hubs works at layer 2 as they utilizes MAC address to communicate. However i aggree above stated answer as there are some layer three switches that work at Layer3 i.e. Network Layer. Dhruv