Ethernet Cables are cables with 4 or eight conductors that connect to an RJ45 connector on both ends. They come in a variety of colors and must be no longer than 100 Meters.
10BaseT and 100BaseT use pins 1,2,3 & 6 GigE uses all 8 wires. Generally all current Ethernet cables come with all 8 wires now.
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Several types of cables are used, depending on the specific type of Ethernet. The cables most commonly used nowadays, however, are UTP (unshielded twisted pair) - and for longer distances, fiber optic.
If you don't have enough ethernet sockets in a router, you can plug a switch or a hub into the socket. The hub or switch will supply support for additional ethernet cables.
The connector used to terminate Ethernet cables is called an RJ-45 connector. They are the clear plastic connectors you see at either end of an Ethernet cable.
This site is for questions that you do not know yourself it is really easy just to look on their website. While I'm here I will say HMV don't do Ethernet cable.
'Cat cables' is a shortened term for 'category cables', which encompasses various standardised cables for Ethernet networks like the Cat 6 cable, or the Cat 5, or the Cat 5e. The wiring around the cat cables is usually colour-coded for ease of use by users and engineers.