The program flowchart describes boxes that describe computations, decisions, interactions & loops. It is an important to keep in mind that data flow diagrams are not program flowcharts and should not include control elements . A good DFD should * have no data flows that split up into a number of other data flows * have no crossing lines * not include flowchart loops of control elements * not include data flows that act as signals to activate processes.
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A Data Flow Diagram shows the flow of data whereby it describes the path that the data will follow from its external source up to an internal store. On the other hand, a Flow Chart shows a series of steps required to complete a process.
Data Flow Diagram explains the logic behind the data flow within the system. Dfd performs an implicit functional decomposition of the system. But the shortcoming is the DFD is time consuming process.
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For any data flow diagram first look at the existing processes. Student registration, class selection, professor/teacher class assignment, testing, grading and I am sure the list goes on. Once you have provided the beginning scope of the software by pruning the list of existing processes you can then develop a list of documents and communications that are used to transfer information and authority to others in the system. It is these documents and activities that are data flow items. The entities that are involved in sending or receiving these same communications are nodes in the system. Of course this is cursory and very general answer.