Probably yes. The reason for the "probably" is that you don't file bankruptcy on specific loans... you file bankruptcy in general, and it applies to most debts (there are certain types of debts that are not dischargable in a bankruptcy).
Note that if you do file bankruptcy, you may have to sell the vehicle. In bankruptcy you are often required to sell certain assets in an attempt to at least partially pay off your creditors; you're allowed to keep a certain amount of equity in a vehicle specifically, and a certain amount in "general assets" (which can be applied to a vehicle or to cash or other personal property), but if the vehicle is worth more than that, you would have to sell it.
If you file bankruptcy, you file bankruptcy on everything. You can not file bankruptcy on one loan.
If her name is on a loan that you file bankruptcy on than she would then be responsible for that loan. Filing a bankruptcy only gets your name off the loan(s), you would both need to file together.
Sure, then the bank will come back and get the vehicle and send it to the auto auction to get as much of their money as they can. Bankruptcy only applies to unsecured loans. The vehicle loan is secured by the title of the vehicle. If you don't pay, see how long it takes the bank to inform you that the vehicle is now theirs.
If the lender is willing to reaffirm the loan with the borrower then the vehicle can be returned. A vehicle is a secured debt and is not subject to chapter 7 bankruptcy laws.
You need to include all of your debts in the bankruptcy.
When you file bankruptcy, you may wish to reconcile a loan. Basically, it's a loan that you have that you don't want to file bankruptcy on. You intend to keep paying it as normal, while still declaring bankruptcy on other loans.
Yes. With the lender's permission, you can reaffirm the loan at the time your bankruptcy is executed.
No, if you mean, can you single out this debt to "file bankruptcy on." You file bankruptcy on ALL your creditors. You don't get to pick and choose. But you can certainly include such a debt in bankruptcy.
I believe you can if you are not thinking of filing bankruptcy before you get the new loan (hint-hint), or if some other transaction(s), after the new loan, makes you default and then you need to file bankruptcy. Paying off the lease will not make the vehicle immune to BK action. Actually it may make it more succeptible for seizure by the BK trustee if the allowed exemption does not protect the vehicle.
yes
Of course.
Yes... but make sure you get an attorney. It may get complicated.