Coins sold as "uncirculated" (UNC) are sold in some sort of packaging so that they cannot be damaged or handled and so, maintain their uncircluated condition and appearance. Coins that have been circulated will have small scratches on the flat surfaces, there may be some wear on the raised surfaces. The raised rim around the circumference of the coin will have little nicks and dents in it. Discolouration or darkening does not necessarily indicate that the coin has been circulated.
There is a deal of confusing information for these coins.
The short answer is that all 1919 Australian Pennies were minted at the Melbourne Mint.
The mintmarks, if they exist, are all on the reverse, and consist of a dot above or below one of the two scrolls.
For the 1919 Australian Penny, there are three possibilities -
1. No mintmark
2. Dot below the bottom scroll
3. Dot below the bottom scroll and above the top scroll
This mintmark convention is shared with the 1920 Australian Penny.
1. No mintmark - Minted at Melbourne or Sydney
2. Dot below the bottom scroll - Minted at Melbourne
3. Dot above the top scroll - Minted at Sydney
1956 Australian Pennies minted at the Melbourne Mint have no mintmark. 1956 Australian Pennies minted at the Perth Mint have a dot (.) after the Y in PENNY (PENNY.)
Most Australian Penny coins minted at the Melbourne Mint will have no mintmark. It is easier to identify those not minted at the Melbourne Mint. Pennies minted at the Perth Mint from 1938 will have a (.) after the Y in PENNY (PENNY.) or after the last A in AUSTRALIA (AUSTRALIA.) or between the KG above the kangaroos tail (K.G), depending on the year. Some of the 1951 coins were minted at the Royal Mint London and have a small "PL" after the "Y" in PENNY. Some of the 1942 and 1943 coins were minted at the Bombay Mint in India and have a small "I" below the bust of King George VI. The pre-1938 coins (before the kangaroo design) are a lot more difficult. Coins from 1911 and 1913 to 1914 and some 1915 were minted at the Royal Mint London and have no mintmark. Coins from 1912 and some 1915 were minted at the Ralph Heaton Mint in Birmingham and have an "H" mintmark below the scroll. Coins from 1916 to 1918 were minted at the Calcutta Mint in India and have an "I" mintmark below the scroll. From 1919, all coins were minted in Australia. The 1919 and 1920 coins may have a dot (.) above or below the scroll. A dot above the scroll indicates the Sydney Mint, a dot below the scroll indicates the Melbourne Mint. From 1921 to 1936, any Penny without a mintmark may have been minted at any of the Melbourne, Perth or Sydney Mints.
There are no mintmarks on a 1939 Australian Penny. There were all minted at the Melbourne Mint. The designers initials for the obverse (HP - Thomas Humphrey Paget) are below the King's neck and above the "M". The designers initials for the reverse (KG - George Kruger Gray) are above the Kangaroo's tail.
Nobody will ever know. Being the last issue, they were minted in large quantities, and subsequently, people saved them as a potential valuable coin in time to come. There were 10 million minted at the Melbourne Mint, and a further 54.5 million minted at the Perth Mint. Their low value as a collectible coin suggests that there are many of them still left. It will be a very long time before they are regarded as being rare.
The short and easy answer is, get hold of the "Pocket Guide to Australian Coins and Banknotes" by Greg McDonald, 16th edition or better. Years ago, there was a complicated system of mintmarks including letters which indicated the mint or a dot before or after, above or below certain features on the coin. These days, it is a little simpler but much more difficult to spot if you do not know what to look for. Since 1984 all coins are minted at the Royal Australian Mint (RAM), Canberra. Those pre-1984 coins not minted at the RAM, Canberra, will have a small mark somewhere on the reverse indicating where they were minted. Usually, Non-Circulating Legal Tender (NCLT) coins minted at the Royal Australian Mint Canberra will have a "C" mintmark on them.
For the 1947 Penny, there will be a small dot after PENNY (PENNY.) if the coin is minted in Perth and no mark at all if it was minted in Melbourne. This mintmark convention only holds true for most Pennies minted between 1937 and 1964. Another means of identifying Pennies minted in Perth are a very small KG on the right between the last "A" of AUSTRALIA" and the tip of the kangaroos tail on the 1940 and 1941 coins will have a dot beween them (K.G) or, a small dot after AUSTRALIA (AUSTRALIA.) on the 1952 and 1953 coins.
You can identify if a penny is a wheat penny from 1953 by looking at the reverse (tails) side of the coin. If it has two wheat ears framing the words "ONE CENT" and the image of the Lincoln Memorial, then it is a wheat penny from 1953. Wheat pennies were minted from 1909 to 1958 and are recognizable by the wheat ears on the reverse side.
Easy, there's no such coin. If anything, it could be an error coin. American pennies were never minted in silver.
Well . . . there have never been any silver pennies minted in the US, so you must be talking about the steel pennies. As far as I know, 1943 was the only year that steel pennies, or 'steelies', were minted.
An Australian 1920 Penny with no mintmark was minted in either Melbourne or Sydney. The 6 pearls is a reference to how worn the coin is and refers to the pearls around King George V's crown. There should be 8 visible on a mint condition coin. The reference to the broken "O" on the reverse is so rare that it is not mentioned in Australian coin catalogues. An Australian 1920 Penny (no mintmark, no dots), uncirculated and in absolute mint condition could fetch up to $11,500 AUD. If it has been circulated but still in good condition, it might fetch anything from $7 to $1,900 AUD. A reputable coin dealer may be able to assist with verifying the coin and give a more accurate valuation.
We don't know the name of the person who ran the press that struck the first cents. We do know that the coins were made in Philadelphia in 1793, and carried a picture of Miss Liberty on the front an a chain-link design on the back.
1944s wheat Penny