In osmosis, the concentration gradient, temperature, pressure, and size of the particles are typically held constant. In diffusion, the concentration gradient, temperature, size of the particles, and medium in which diffusion is occurring are commonly kept constant.
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No, the derivative of u with respect to v is not constant when t is held constant.
Well, pressure has to be kept constant and so does the mass of the gas with Charles's Law. Charles's Law--V1/T1=V2/T2--can be derived from the Combined Gas Law--V1xP1/T1=V2xP2/T2--by keeping the pressure constant which in turn cancels out the pressure in the Combined Gas Law leaving you with Charles's Law. Hope that helps you!
they also become constant.
In Boyle's Law, temperature and the number of gas particles are held constant. In Charles's Law, pressure and the number of gas particles are held constant. In the Combined Gas Law, the number of gas particles is typically held constant while temperature, pressure, and volume vary.
If volume is held constant and pressure is tripled, the temperature will also triple according to the ideal gas law (PV = nRT). This relationship is known as Gay-Lussac's Law.