low density lipoprotien
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HDL (high-density lipoprotein) is the substance that carries excess cholesterol from the bloodstream to the liver to be broken down and removed from the body.
Cholesterol is primarily transported in the body within lipoproteins, such as LDL (low-density lipoprotein) and HDL (high-density lipoprotein). LDL carries cholesterol from the liver to the cells, while HDL removes excess cholesterol from the cells and transports it back to the liver for excretion or recycling.
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Cholesterol is primarily synthesized in the liver. The process involves the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme. Fat is synthesized in the liver as well through a process called lipogenesis, which converts excess carbohydrates into fatty acids and then into triglycerides.
Obesity is a risk factor for developing high cholesterol levels, which in turn increases the risk of heart disease. Excess body weight, especially around the abdomen, can lead to high levels of LDL (bad) cholesterol and triglycerides while lowering HDL (good) cholesterol levels. This imbalance in cholesterol levels can contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease and other cardiovascular problems.
In many reactions the original reactants can remain unconsumed. In Chemistry two terms describe these types of situations. Unconsumed reactant is also known as excess reagent. Reagent that is completely consumed before the others is called the limiting reagent.