DNA samples are taken from the suspects and the victims at the crime scene. PCR is used to amplify the quantity of DNA and restriction enzymes are used to cut them. These DNA fragments are then placed between electrodes for the process of electrophoresis, where the application of an electric field causes the fragments to separate according to their sizes. DNA profiles are created as a result. Comparison is made between the banding patterns to identify criminals and victims.
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Applications of DNA fingerprinting and Forensic Science:
a). convict a suspect
b.) exonerate a convict
c.) identify crime victims
d.) prove paternity
e.) seek family lineage
f.) study plant, human and animal fossils
g.) seek the origin of nonhuman materials (ex. caviar origin)
h.) protect endangered species (by proving the origin of contraband animal products).
A single peak for a specific STR marker indicates that the individual has two identical alleles at that particular locus. This information can be used in DNA profiling for identification and genetic testing purposes.
Forensic experts typically use a chemical called ninhydrin to develop latent fingerprints. Ninhydrin reacts with amino acids present in the oils and proteins of fingerprints, producing a purple or blue color that makes the prints visible for analysis.
A micropipette or a loading dye is typically used to load DNA samples into the wells of an agarose gel.
Chloroform is used in DNA extraction to separate the DNA from other cellular components. It is primarily used to remove proteins by denaturing them, allowing the DNA to be purified and collected in the aqueous phase of the extraction. Chloroform is a key reagent in the organic extraction step of DNA isolation procedures.
Color profiling is the process of calibrating and characterizing a device, such as a monitor or printer, to ensure consistent and accurate color reproduction. It involves creating a profile that defines how colors should be displayed or printed based on the device's capabilities. Color profiling helps ensure that colors appear consistently across different devices or platforms.
DNA profiling is used by forensic experts to identify an individual. This technique is mostly used for parental testing and crime investigation.
The white blood cell is used for DNA profiling as it contains the nucleus which houses the DNA. Red blood cells do not have a nucleus or DNA.
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An allele ladder is used as a reference for determining the sizes of DNA fragments in a sample during DNA profiling. It contains known fragments of DNA of varying sizes that are used to calibrate the gel electrophoresis results, allowing for accurate comparison and identification of the sizes of DNA fragments in the sample.
An allele ladder is a mixture of DNA fragments of known sizes used as a reference in DNA profiling. It helps determine the size of unknown DNA fragments by comparing them to the ladder's known sizes. This allows for accurate identification of the alleles present in a sample for forensic or paternity testing purposes.
Another thing is to look for genetic damage or change in chromosome number which can lead to birth defects.
DNA profiling proved that we share 98% of our DNA with primates.
DNA profiling is a technique employed by forensic scientists to assist in the identification of individuals on the basis of their respective DNA profiles.
DNA fingerprinting is not as reliable as regular DNA profiling. Statistics show that about one out every 800,000 people have the same DNA fingerprint.
The test used to identify individuals by analyzing sections of DNA is called DNA profiling or DNA fingerprinting. This technique compares specific DNA sequences, known as genetic markers, to determine unique genetic profiles for each individual. It is commonly used in forensic investigations and paternity testing.
DNA profiling
mitochondrial sample