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A bond that is 5 percent ionic would be considered polar covalent. This means that the sharing of electrons between the atoms is uneven, resulting in partial charges on the atoms. The bond has some ionic character due to the difference in electronegativity between the atoms involved.
A bond that is less than 5 percent ionic is considered covalent. In covalent bonds, electrons are shared between atoms rather than transferred. This sharing of electrons results in a more balanced distribution of charge between the atoms.
Electronegativity describes "how much" an atom "wants" an electron. Some with high electronegativities will be able to "steal" electrons from other atoms and form ionic bonds. If two atoms have comparable electronegativities, then electrons will be "shared" and a covalent bond will form.
Ionic character refers to the degree of ionic bonding present in a compound, with higher ionic character indicating a stronger ionic bond. Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons in a chemical bond. It helps determine the type of bonding (ionic, covalent, or polar covalent) between atoms.
Chromium fluoride is an ionic compound. Chromium is a metal and forms positive ions, while fluoride is a nonmetal and forms negative ions. The electrostatic attraction between the positive and negative ions results in the formation of an ionic bond in chromium fluoride.
Ionic bonds typically form between a metal and a nonmetal. Metals tend to lose electrons to attain a stable electron configuration, while nonmetals tend to gain electrons. This results in the formation of charged ions that are attracted to each other, creating an ionic bond.