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One simple test to distinguish between octanol and 1-octene is by performing a bromine water test. When bromine water is added to octanol, no reaction occurs as octanol does not contain a carbon-carbon double bond. However, when bromine water is added to 1-octene, the solution decolorizes due to the addition reaction with the double bond in 1-octene.
A simple test would be to add a small amount of aqueous bromine (Br2) to the two compounds. Alkenes react with Br2 and water to form a halohydrin. Br2 makes the solution brown, but the reaction will consume the Br2 and make the solution colorless.
Try adding bromine. Bromine will add across the double bond of an alkyne, which is visible by noting that the red bromine color disappears upon addition. However, alkanes will not react readily with Br2, so addition of bromine to an alkane will generally have color persistence.
1-Octene can be readily separated from octane by azeotropic distillation. Effective agents are ethyl formate, ethyl acetate and t-amyl methyl ether.
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