The lower layer is Bromoform, tribromomethane CHBr3 with the highest density (2.889 g/cm3), almost three times greater than of water.
Trick:
To simply find out if water is the lower or upper layer in a two-layer fluid system, you can
Then:
Or
Water is denser than decane, so the water layer will sink to the bottom while the decane layer will float on top.
In a cyclohexane-water mixture, cyclohexane being less dense than water will form the top layer while water being denser will form the bottom layer. This separation can be explained by the principle of liquid-liquid immiscibility where the two liquids do not mix and form separate layers based on their densities.
You can quickly confirm which layer is water and which is chloroform by adding a few drops of water to a test tube containing the layers. Water will mix with the layer that is water, causing it to become more transparent. Chloroform will not mix with water and remain as a separate layer.
Bromoform would have a higher boiling point than chloroform due to the presence of heavier bromine atoms. The increased molecular weight of bromoform leads to stronger van der Waals forces between molecules, resulting in a higher boiling point.
Chloroform is more dense than water, so it will settle at the bottom layer during the extraction process. When chloroform is added to the mixture of benzoic acid and sodium chloride in water, it forms a separate layer at the bottom due to the difference in densities between the two liquids.
The lower layer is Bromoform, tribromomethane CHBr3 with the highest density (2.889 g/cm3), almost three times greater than of water.Trick:To simply find out if water is the lower or upper layer in a two-layer fluid system, you canadd carefully one drop of water at the top of the liquidwatch accurately the path of the falling drop and when it does 'dissolve'Then:when going down through the upper layer, then it will 'dissolve' in the lower, you may conclude the upper layer is NOT water. Orwhen 'dissolving' immediately in the upper layer then you'll conclude the upper layer is water.
The alkyl halide layer switches from the top layer to the bottom layer during extraction with water because alkyl halides are less soluble in water compared to organic solvents. When water is added, the alkyl halide molecules preferentially partition into the water layer, causing them to move from the organic layer (usually on top) to the aqueous layer (usually at the bottom).
The pressure at the bottom of a water layer increases with depth due to the weight of the water column above. This pressure is calculated using the formula P = ρgh, where P is pressure, ρ is the density of water, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the depth of the water layer.
The weight of water and the top layer of sediment press the bottom layers tightly together to form sedimentary rocks.
Water is denser than decane, so the water layer will sink to the bottom while the decane layer will float on top.
Cold water sinks, while warm water rises.
If you shake it, it will be an "emulsion", but if you let it sit for a while, there will be a layer of water at the bottom of the jar, and a layer of oil above the water.
Cold water always sinks.
The upper layer is different from the bottom layer because the bottom layer has more gualities to a living thing than the upper layer.
The starch will settle to the bottom of the container while the water will stay at the top. When left overnight, the mixture may separate further, with a visible layer of water on top and a thicker layer of starch settled at the bottom.
The upper layer is different from the bottom layer because the bottom layer has more gualities to a living thing than the upper layer.
The bottom layer of the atmosphere is called the troposphere.