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Why does the SN1 reaction favor weak nucleophiles?
The SN1 reaction favors weak nucleophiles because it proceeds through a two-step mechanism where the leaving group first leaves to form a carbocation intermediate. Weak nucleophiles are less likely to attack the carbocation intermediate, allowing the reaction to proceed smoothly.
Which mechanism is consistent with the experimental reaction profile shown here?
The mechanism consistent with the experimental reaction profile shown here is likely a multi-step reaction involving intermediates and transition states.
What factors determine whether a chemical reaction will proceed in an energetically favorable or unfavorable direction?
The factors that determine whether a chemical reaction will proceed in an energetically favorable or unfavorable direction include the difference in energy between the reactants and products (enthalpy change), as well as the entropy change and temperature of the system. If the overall change in energy is negative (exothermic) and the increase in disorder (entropy) is positive, the reaction is likely to proceed in a favorable direction.
What factor will most likely lower the activation energy of a reaction?
The presence of a catalyst is most likely to lower the activation energy of a reaction by providing an alternative pathway for the reaction to occur. Catalysts work by stabilizing the transition state, making it easier for the reaction to proceed.
Is chloroacetone more likely to undergo an SN1 or SN2 reaction?
Chloroacetone is more likely to undergo an SN2 reaction due to its primary alkyl halide structure, which favors a concerted mechanism involving nucleophilic attack and simultaneous departure of the leaving group.
