The primary hydrate of copper sulfate is the pentahydrate of copper (II) sulfate, with formula CuSO4.5 H2O.
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The most common hydrated form of copper sulfate is pentahydrate, known as copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate or CuSO4·5H2O. Another hydrated form is trihydrate, with the chemical formula CuSO4·3H2O. These hydrated forms vary in their water content, affecting their physical properties such as color and solubility.
When hydrated copper sulfate is heated, it loses its water molecules to form anhydrous copper sulfate. Since the molar ratio between the two forms is 1:1, if 6.4 moles of hydrated copper sulfate is heated, 6.4 moles of anhydrous copper sulfate will be produced.
Anhydrous copper sulfate is CuSO4, while water is H2O. When anhydrous copper sulfate reacts with water, it forms hydrated copper sulfate, which is CuSO4·5H2O.
When hydrated copper sulfate is heated, it loses water molecules and forms anhydrous copper sulfate, which has a lower mass due to the removal of water. So, the mass would decrease upon heating hydrated copper sulfate.
Hydrated copper sulfate appears as a bright blue color.
Hydrated copper sulfate, CuSO4·5H2O, contains 36.10% water by mass.