Crystal field theory explains the color of transition metal complexes by considering how the arrangement of ligands around the metal ion affects the energy levels of its d orbitals. When light is absorbed by the complex, electrons in the d orbitals are promoted to higher energy levels, causing the complex to appear colored. The specific color observed depends on the difference in energy between the d orbitals before and after absorption of light.
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The method used to calculate the crystal field splitting energy in transition metal complexes is called the ligand field theory. This theory considers the interactions between the metal ion and the surrounding ligands to determine the energy difference between the d orbitals in the metal ion.
Valence band theory describes the electronic structure of solids based on the energy levels of electrons in the valence band of the material. On the other hand, crystal field theory focuses on the interaction between the d-orbitals of transition metal ions and the surrounding ligands, which results in the splitting of d-orbitals into different energy levels.
There is no scientific theory about a "magic crystal tree" as it does not align with known scientific principles or evidence. The idea of a magic crystal tree is typically found in folklore, mythology, or fantasy rather than scientific literature.
You could use spectroscopy to analyze the light emitted by the sun to look for the characteristic spectral lines of platinum. If you detect these specific spectral lines in the sun's spectrum, it would support the theory. Conversely, if you do not find these lines in the sun's spectrum, it would provide evidence against the theory.
The lock and key theory and the induced fit theory are two theories that explain enzyme specificity. The lock and key theory proposes that the enzyme's active site is already in the correct shape to bind the substrate, like a key fitting into a lock. The induced fit theory suggests that the active site of the enzyme can change its shape slightly to accommodate the substrate, similar to a glove molding around a hand.