Alkaline Earths will most easily lose an electron. This is because the have a smaller alkali radii than alkali metals causing them to not be as tightly bound to the nucleus. This makes the more readily lose their electrons.
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Sodium (Na) is the element that will most easily lose an electron, due to its low ionization energy and the presence of only one electron in its outer shell.
The Alkali Metals, which are the elements in Group 1 of the periodic table, each have one lone electron in their valence shell. And each of these elements wants to get rid of that single electron. These metals, which include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium and francium, are the most likely to lose electrons.
The electron affinity of an element can be either positive or negative, depending on whether the element tends to gain or lose electrons when forming chemical bonds.
Magnesium in period 3 would lose one electron more easily than Barium in period 6. Elements in lower periods have more electron shells, which means the outer electrons are farther from the nucleus, making it easier to lose electrons in elements with fewer electron shells.
The electron arrangement of metallic elements typically involves one or two electrons in the outermost shell, which allows them to easily lose electrons and form positive ions. This electron arrangement gives metallic elements their characteristic ability to conduct electricity and heat well.
The valence electron of a lithium atom is in the 2s orbital. It is easily removed to form a lithium ion with a charge of +1 because lithium only has one valence electron, making it relatively easy to lose.