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Advantages

· Distillation offers significant savings in operational and maintenance costs compared with other desalination technologies.

· In most cases, distillation does not require the addition of chemicals or water softening agents to pretreat feedwater.

· Low temperature distillation plants are energy-efficient and cost-effective to operate.

· Many plants are fully automated and require a limited number of personnel to operate.

· Distillation has minimal environmental impacts, although brine disposal must be considered in the plant design.

· The technology produces high-quality water, in some cases having less than 10 mg/1 of total dissolved solids.

· Distillation can be combined with other processes, such as using heat energy from an electric-power generation plant.

Disadvantages

· Some distillation processes are energy-intensive, particularly the large-capacity plants. «Disposal of the brine is a problem in many regions.

· The distillation process, particularly MSF distillation, is very costly.

· Distillation requires a high level of technical knowledge to design and operate.

· The technology requires the use of chemical products, such as acids, that need special handling.

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