Periscope
Microscope - an instrument used for viewing objects that are too small to be seen by the naked eye. Kaleidoscope - a tube of mirrors containing loose, colored objects such as beads or paper, whose reflections produce changing patterns when the tube is rotated. Periscope - an instrument on a submarine or ship for seeing above the water or the horizon.
An instrument that makes small, distant objects visible is a telescope. Binoculars and scopes are also used for seeing long distance.
Telescope
As a "periscope" is an instrument for seeing above a surface of some kind (usually water) from below it, its use will typically occur in sentences dealing with military, exploration, or scientific subjects. Just one example would be, "The submarine was discovered by the scout plane through a fortuitous accident: the sunlight flashed off the glass lens of its raised periscope, revealing its location below the surface."
A telescope is commonly used to see stars and planets clearly in the night sky. Telescopes work by gathering and focusing light to magnify distant objects, allowing observers to see them more clearly and in greater detail. Telescopes come in different types and sizes, suitable for various astronomical observations.
Often they do. Most often they either have one of two conditions: they have trouble seeing far away objects clearly or they have trouble seeing close up objects clearly.
Seeing how submarines are designed to move underwater, the antonym that makes the most sense would be airplane.
Bifocal is a type of corrective lens. Bifocal lenses are divided into two sections, usually the top for seeing far away objects and the bottom for seeing nearby objects.
Usually during the night.
Either by actually seeing it with telescopes, or by seeing the effect that it's gravity has on nearby objects.
Paul Cezanne
short sight