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Which is the safer hair colour ingredient- ammonia or monoethanolamine?
Ammonia is damaging for the hair yes this is obvious due to the nature in which it has to work. In layman's terms opening the sealed hair cuticle to gain access to the hair cortex and then to diminish the hair to a point that it will except the new hair colour! Monoethanolamine is essentially the same product! doing the exact same job without the odour that comes with Ammonia. Monoethanolamine is an allergen and you are 90% more likely to be Allergic to this product than you are to Ammonia! Please be advised that not to use any product containing these ingredients without consulting a professional for a allergen test!
What is the most effective oven cleaner?
Easy-Off Oven Cleaner works quickly and effectively. It Contains Monoethanolamine and Diethylene Glycol n-Butyl Ether, together these chemicals eat thru stains and grease allowing messes to be be easily wiped away.
How is natural gas purified by amine process?
Amine Treating uses alkylamines to remove hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from natural gas. This type of process is refered to as a sweetening process since it removes sour gases such as mercaptans and hydrogen sulfide. Some common amines used are Monoethanolamine (MEA), Diethanolamine (DEA), Methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), and Diisopropylamine (DIPA)
What is the reaction of mono ethanol amine with H2S?
Monoethanolamine reacts with hydrogen sulfide to form an amine salt, which is water-soluble. This reaction is often used in gas sweetening processes to remove hydrogen sulfide from natural gas streams.
What is a good natural oven cleaner?
If one is looking for the best oven cleaners, it would be suggested visiting official websites of well-known brands and comparison websites. Some great oven cleaners recommended are Mr. Muscle Oven and Grill and Astonish.
What fluids are used in submarines?
There are many fluids used in modern submarines, most of them hazardous in one form or another. However, the most commonly used are: 1. Hydraulic Fluid - Virtually every key mechanical system aboard a submarine is tied to the main or auxiliary hydraulics systems, e.g. Planes, Stabilizers, Rudder, Periscopes, Antenna/Radar masts, etc. There are Port and Starboard systems that are continually cycled through redundant systems. 2. Seawater - Used for everything - Steam to drive the Turbines for power (electrical and engines), freshwater conversion (desalination), sanitary (non-potable) systems, weapons ejection, trash dumping, Main and Trim Ballast, etc. 3. Fresh Water - In different variations (Potable for crew use, DI (De-Ionized) for O2 generation and Nucleonics, etc.) 4. Monoethanolamine (Amine) - Primary fluid component in the ship's CO2 Scrubber systems.
What is the difference between ammonia and ammonium chloride?
Ammonia is a compound with the chemical formula NH3, while ammonium chloride is a compound with the chemical formula NH4Cl. Ammonia is a gas at room temperature, while ammonium chloride is a solid. Ammonia is a weak base, while ammonium chloride is an ionic salt.
How is Helium separated from other materials found with it?
Helium is typically separated from other materials through a process called cryogenic distillation. This involves cooling the mixture to very low temperatures to liquefy the helium, which can then be easily separated from other gases based on differences in boiling points. Helium can also be extracted as a byproduct from natural gas wells using a membrane separation process.
No-Ammonia Hair Color May Revolutionize Beauty?
A new innovation was recently introduced to the salon industry that could change the way you get your hair professionally colored from now on. L’Oreal Professionnel launched its new ammonia-free permanent hair color, INOA, in U.S. salons in May of 2010, and the company believes it will revolutionize hair color as we know it.What Makes It DifferentThe difference is the color delivery system. For over 100 years, hair color has essentially been unchanged. Ammonia has been the key ingredient that opens the hair follicles, allowing the color to become deposited. INOA, which stands for Innovation No Ammonia, uses an ammonia alternative called monoethanolamine (MEA) combined with an oil-based delivery system (ODS) to open the cuticle and drive colorant to the hair shaft. Because the color molecules are repelled by oil, they are naturally attracted to and absorbed into the hair.Unlike demi-permanent box hair colors sold in stores, INOA is longer lasting and promises better gray coverage. The results look natural, and the texture is said to be the same as hair prior to coloring.In terms of the hair coloring process, INOA can make professional hair coloring more pleasant for both clients and hair care professionals. No ammonia means no odor. This alone can completely change future salon experiences for women around the world. Ammonia is a harsh chemical that smells bad and makes eyes sting and burn. To many with sensitive scalps, it also causes irritation, burning, and redness that can be extremely uncomfortable. Until recently, this has simply been the price many women pay for beauty.Will It Catch On?Surprisingly, L’Oreal’s INOA isn’t the first no-ammonia, permanen hair color available in salons. There are at least two others, one of which,UK-based Organic Color Systems, which has been sold in the United States since 2002. The Organic Color Systems line, as of this writing, carries 65 colors and is used in approximatley 1200 salons across the U.S. Currently, INOA is only available in 49 shades, with 15 more to launch in the fall of 2010, with a total of 100 predicted.Some insiders believe L’Oreal’s mega marketing power is to be credited for the recent buzz about no-ammonia hair color. Others say that the U.S. consumer simply wasn’t ready to readily accept the concept of ammonia-free color in the past. Who knows? But the fact remains that going to the salon may never be the same. Permanent hair color that performs well and offers comfort with no odor could be the way of the future.[photo=http://s3.amazonaws.com/tp-article-images/309d029ae7bd3d65e6045e641a6821b2.jpg][video=]
How is air kept pure in submarine?
In 1975, the U.S. Naval Research Lab (NRL), developed and began deployment of the Central Atmosphere Monitor System (CAMS) on all U.S. Navy submarines. CAMS, and its successor on the Trident / Seawolf / Virginia class boats, is capable of monitoring key levels of toxic gases (CO, CO2, etc.) and will alert the crew if any level is in the danger range. CAMS readings are taken hourly aboard ship, and it's one of the most critical pieces of gear aboard a modern submarine.There are several vital machines critical to maintaining the air environment for crew habitation aboard any submarine. Though it differs with the propulsion type (Nuclear or Diesel - Nuke's have more power generating capacity), in general they use the same methods.The machines are:1. Oxygen Generator (called the "Bomb") - Uses Electrolysis to separate Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms in distilled water. Hydrogen is bled back to sea as tiny bubbles, O2 is compressed in storage tanks outside the internal pressure hull, and released as needed into the crew areas to maintain a certain O2 level throughout the boat.2. Carbon Dioxide Scrubber - Uses a chemical called Monoethanolamine to absorb CO2 from the air. The chemical is then heated, which releases the gas, which is then bled overboard. A powdered chemical called Lithium Hydroxide (in canisters) has also been used as a backup CO2 Adsorbent (sic) chemical in case the scrubber is inoperable.3. Carbon Monoxide Burner - Absorbs CO and uses a catalytic process to get rid of the gas.4. Electrostatic Precipitators - positioned in the main Ventilation system, the ESP's remove particulates from the submarine environment - dust, smoke, etc.5. Diesel Generator - All modern submarines use diesels for either primary or backup power generation, and also for emergency ventilation, either surfaced or at Periscope Depth using a Snorkel Mast.6. Low-Pressure Blower - The LPB is essentially a big fan, capable of drawing in air from the surface via the Snorkel and rapidly ventilating the boat. Over time, scrubbed air gets pretty stale, and fresh air is a welcome change.7. Main Induction Fans are responsible for circulating the air (cooled or heated as required by ocean water temperature outside) throughout the boat. the ventilation system can be configured to draw air in through the snorkel mast, or to just recirculate air. There has, however, been more than one occurrence of the main induction valve (which closes automatically when water hits it) on the snorkel mast failing, resulting in the main induction fans bringing in water at a very high rate.A submarine environment, however clean air-wise, is still a toxic place to live and work. Most chemicals used to operate systems have their own carcinogens and vapors, e.g., diesel fuel and hydraulic fluid, and can lead to crew members developing lung problems over time. As an example, a polished brass plaque on board will only stay that way for about a week or two if left alone.All boats carry chemicals used to absorb toxic gases as well, and if necessary, the crew can breathe clean air from the Emergency Air Breathing (EAB) system, essentially a system of air manifolds with plugins that attach to full face breathing masks. These are often used during casualties / drills in which the boat hasn't had the time to reach PD yet, but the air is toxic enough to warrant EAB mask use. The system isn't without its problems though - in the '80's, the USS Bonefish, stricken by a Battery Well fire, lost its OOD, Radioman, Helm and Planesman who had remained onboard after the crew had been ordered topside to await rescue. Though they were wearing their EAB masks, they were found to have taken in hydrogen cyanide gas released through the burning of Otto Fuel, used in MK 48 torpedoes. One of the darkest days in our Squadron.
How are modern submarines equipped to withstand high pressure underwater and to provide sufficient oxygen for the crew members?
Submarine Engineering to withstand Sea PressureThe 2 major features of a submarine hull design that helps it withstand sea pressure at extreme depth is the material it's made of, and the design of the hull itself.Spherical or round-shaped objects can withstand more pressure than other designs. This is why the Teardrop and Cigar shaped hulls of today were designed. The hull's material is also key - the more it can compress and expand, the less vulnerable it is to pressure. This is a problem with old Russian boats like the Alfa - they're made of Titanium. While it's very strong, it's not elastic, and every time it goes to deep depths it becomes more brittle with age.Submarine Atmosphere Generation, Regeneration, Monitoring and ControlIn 1975, the U.S. Naval Research Lab (NRL), developed and began deployment of the Central Atmosphere Monitor System (CAMS) on all U.S. Navy submarines. CAMS, and its successor on the Trident / Seawolf / Virginia class boats, is capable of monitoring key levels of toxic gases (CO, CO2, etc.) and will alert the crew if any level is in the danger range. CAMS readings are taken hourly aboard ship, and it's one of the most critical pieces of gear aboard a modern submarine.There are several vital machines critical to maintaining the air environment for crew habitation aboard any submarine. Though it differs with the propulsion type (Nuclear or Diesel - Nuke's have more power generating capacity), in general they use the same methods.The machines are:1. Oxygen Generator (called the "Bomb") - Uses Electrolysis to separate Hydrogen and Oxygen atoms in distilled water. Hydrogen is bled back to sea as tiny bubbles, O2 is compressed in storage tanks outside the internal pressure hull, and released as needed into the crew areas to maintain a certain O2 level throughout the boat.2. Carbon Dioxide Scrubber - Uses a chemical called Monoethanolamine to absorb CO2 from the air. The chemical is then heated, which releases the gas, which is then bled overboard. A powdered chemical called Lithium Hydroxide has also been used as a backup CO2 Adsorbent (sic) chemical in case the scrubber is inoperable.3. Carbon Monoxide Burner - Absorbs CO uses a catalytic process to get rid of the gas.4. Electrostatic Precipitators - positioned in the main Ventilation system, the ESP's remove particulates from the submarine environment - dust, smoke, etc.5. Diesel Generator - All modern submarines use diesels for either primary or backup power generation, and also for emergency ventilation, either surfaced or at Periscope Depth using a Snorkel Mast.6. Low-Pressure Blower - The LPB is essentially a big fan, capable of drawing in air from the surface via the Snorkel and rapidly ventilating the boat. Over time, scrubbed air gets pretty stale, and fresh air is a welcome change.7. Main Induction Fans are responsible for circulating the air (cooled or heated as required by ocean water temperature outside) throughout the boat. the ventilation system can be configured to draw air in through the snorkel mast, or to just recirculate air. There has, however, been more than one occurrence of the main induction valve (which closes automatically when water hits it) on the snorkel mast failing, resulting in the main induction fans bringing in water at a very high rate.A submarine environment, however clean air-wise, is still a toxic place to live and work. Most chemicals used to operate systems have their own carcinogens and vapors, e.g., diesel fuel and hydraulic fluid, and can lead to crew members developing lung problems over time.All boats carry chemicals used to absorb toxic gases as well, and if necessary, the crew can breathe clean air from the Emergency Air Breathing (EAB) system, essentially a system of air manifolds with plugins that attach to full face breathing masks. These are often used during casualties / drills in which the boat hasn't had the time to reach PD yet, but the air is toxic enough to warrant EAB mask use. The system isn't without its problems though - in the '80's, the USS Bonefish, stricken by a Battery Well fire, lost its OOD, Radioman, Helm and Planesman who had remained onboard after the crew had been ordered topside to await rescue. Though they were wearing their EAB masks, they were found to have taken in hydrogen cyanide gas released through the burning of Otto Fuel, used in MK 48 torpedoes.
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