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Still needs a valid answer. What's the purpose functionally of the 2 valves being differently shaped?
I was proposed the same question by a student today, and the only answer I can come up with, besides because our common ancestors have it that way is there is a limitation of room in left ventricle. However what we think causes it is the fusion of the valves tissue from 3 cusps into 2 in human development.
The bicuspid valve (mitral valve) has two cusps because it separates the left atrium from the left ventricle, which requires more pressure to prevent backflow. The tricuspid valve has three cusps because it separates the right atrium from the right ventricle, which experiences lower pressure compared to the left side and thus requires three cusps for effective closure.
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