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Mitochondria and Chloroplasts are generally accepted as once being prokaryotes that moved into eukaryotes and formed an endosymbiotic relationship. However, the person who first suggested this theory also suggested that the eukaryotic flagella was once a highly motile bacteria as well, that has lost all of its genes to the nucleus instead of only some, as in mitochondria and chloroplasts. This is not widely accepted though.
Mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by primitive eukaryotic cells through endosymbiosis. They eventually evolved into organelles and now play essential roles in eukaryotic cells.
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Are organelles only found in eukaryotic cells?
Yes, organelles are only found in eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, lack membrane-bound organelles and have a simpler internal structure. Organelles in eukaryotic cells allow for compartmentalization of different cellular functions.
Which observation supports the position of eukaryotes at the convergence of the ring of life?
The presence of shared genes and biochemical pathways among eukaryotes, archaea, and bacteria supports the idea of eukaryotes at the convergence of the ring of life. Additionally, the endosymbiotic theory, which proposes that eukaryotic organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free-living prokaryotes, is also evidence for this positioning. Lastly, genetic analyses have shown that eukaryotes share genetic similarities with both archaea and bacteria, further suggesting their position at the center of evolutionary relationships.
Which domain does monera belong?
Monera used to be the kingdom for all prokaryotes. Now that prokaryotes are divided into two domains (Archaea and Bacteria), there is no more kingdom Monera. In essence, species once belonging to the kingdom Monera were divided into the two domains.
Which is used as evidence for the idea that multicellular organisms evolved from prokaryotes?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA
Which discovery supported the endosymbiotic theory?
The discovery of mitochondria and chloroplasts having their own DNA, ribosomes, and double membrane structure supports the endosymbiotic theory, which proposes that these organelles were once free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells. This evidence suggests that they evolved from symbiotic relationships between different cell types.
Describe the proposed relationship between prokaryotes and the organelles in eukaryotes?
The endosymbiotic theory proposes that organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts in eukaryotic cells were once independent prokaryotic organisms that were engulfed by a host cell. Over time, these organelles formed a symbiotic relationship with the host cell, eventually becoming integrated as essential components of eukaryotic cells. This theory is supported by evidence such as the presence of DNA and ribosomes in these organelles, similar to prokaryotic cells.
What part of the cell theory did Lynn margulis contribute to?
She concluded that some organelles found in eukaryotes were once free-living prokaryotes.
Are any organelles present in only plant cells?
Yes, chloroplasts are organelles present only in plant cells. Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy to produce food.
Are organelles only found in eukaryotic cells?
Yes, organelles are only found in eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, lack membrane-bound organelles and have a simpler internal structure. Organelles in eukaryotic cells allow for compartmentalization of different cellular functions.
What is the endoplasmic theory?
The endosymbiotic theory proposes that eukaryotic cells originated from a symbiotic relationship between different types of prokaryotic cells. Specifically, it suggests that mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by a larger host cell and formed a mutually beneficial relationship.
Which observation supports the position of eukaryotes at the convergence of the ring of life?
The presence of shared genes and biochemical pathways among eukaryotes, archaea, and bacteria supports the idea of eukaryotes at the convergence of the ring of life. Additionally, the endosymbiotic theory, which proposes that eukaryotic organelles like mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free-living prokaryotes, is also evidence for this positioning. Lastly, genetic analyses have shown that eukaryotes share genetic similarities with both archaea and bacteria, further suggesting their position at the center of evolutionary relationships.
Where in the eukaryotic cell do replication transcription RNA processing and translation each occur?
In eukaryotic cells, you have a nucleus, whereas with prokaryotic cells you have none and you are missing some organelles found with the eukaryotes. Eukaryotes organelles are found within the cytoplasm.
What 2 organelles were once free?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free-living bacteria that were engulfed by ancestral cells, eventually forming a symbiotic relationship that led to their integration as organelles within eukaryotic cells.
Which domain does monera belong?
Monera used to be the kingdom for all prokaryotes. Now that prokaryotes are divided into two domains (Archaea and Bacteria), there is no more kingdom Monera. In essence, species once belonging to the kingdom Monera were divided into the two domains.
Where in the eukaryotic cell do replication transcription RNA processing translation each occur?
In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus. RNA polymerase II transcribes the DNA forming an mRNA transcript.The mRNA is then modified. It has a 5'-cap and a 3'polyA tail and it can also be spliced and edited by various enzymes. Once an mRNA molecule has been correctly edited it is exported out of the nucleus through nuclear pores. Once in the cytoplasm can be localized to different compartments of the cell, but most of the protein synthesis occurs on the rough ER.Here various translation factors help ribosomes to translate the DNA into protein. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm.Do not get this confused with prokaryotes. In prokaryotes, they do not have organelles and so transcription and translation are coupled in the cytoplasm... (they occur at the same time).
What does the endosymbiosis theory propose?
The endosymbiosis theory proposes that eukaryotic cells evolved from symbiotic relationships between different prokaryotic organisms. It suggests that organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts were once independent prokaryotes that were engulfed by a host cell, eventually forming a mutually beneficial relationship.
Which is used as evidence for the idea that multicellular organisms evolved from prokaryotes?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their own DNA
