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River estuaries typically have a mix of salt-tolerant vegetation like mangroves and salt marsh grasses. These plants are adapted to thrive in the brackish water conditions caused by the mixing of freshwater and saltwater in estuaries. They play a crucial role in providing habitat for various species and protecting the coastline from erosion.
A creek typically belongs in a freshwater biome, such as a river, stream, or wetland biome. Creeks are usually found in forested areas or grasslands.
Estuaries can have low oxygen levels, especially in areas where there is high biological productivity, decomposition of organic matter, and restricted water circulation. This can lead to hypoxic or anoxic conditions, which can impact the health of marine life in the estuary.
Estuaries are highly productive ecosystems because they receive nutrient-rich water from both rivers and oceans, creating a diverse environment that supports a wide variety of plant and animal species. The mixing of freshwater and saltwater in estuaries creates ideal conditions for productivity, resulting in high levels of biological activity. Additionally, the presence of wetlands in estuaries helps to filter pollutants and provide habitat for many species.
Farmers should reduce water extraction from the Murray Darling River to protect the ecosystem, as excessive extraction can harm native wildlife, vegetation, and overall river health. Sustainable water management practices are necessary to ensure the long-term health of the river system and to maintain water security for future generations.
Mangroves are various kinds of trees up to medium height and shrubs that grow in saline coastal sediment habitats in the tropics and subtropics- mainly between latitude 25° N and 25° S.