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tRNA is involved in the translation of the nucleic acid message into the amino acids of proteins. tRNA itself is an RNA molecule with a conserved inverted L structure. One end of the tRNA contains an anticodon loop which pairs with a mRNA specifying a certain amino acid. The other end of the tRNA has the amino acid attached to the 3' OH group via an ester linkage.
tRNA with an attached amino acid is said to be "charged". The enzyme that attaches the amino acid to the 3'-OH is called an aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (aaRS). There is a specific tRNA for each amino acid, 20 in all. Similarly, there is a specific aaRS for each tRNA.
Only the first 2 nucleotides in the tRNA anticodon loop are strictly required for the decoding of the mRNA codon into an amino acid. The third nucleotide in the anticodon is less stringent in its base-pairing to the codon, and is referred to as the "wobble" base. Since the genetic code is degenerate, meaning that more than one codon can specify a single amino acid, the anticodon of tRNA can pair with more than one mRNA codon and still be specific for a single amino acid.
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SteveAn anticodon loop is a region of a tRNA molecule that contains the anticodon, which is a three-nucleotide sequence that binds to a complementary codon on mRNA during translation. The anticodon loop helps ensure the correct amino acid is brought to the ribosome for protein synthesis. It plays a crucial role in the process of translating genetic information into proteins.
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What do the circles of the tRNA represent?
The circles in tRNA represent the secondary structure of the molecule, which consists of a cloverleaf shape with loops and stems. Each circle corresponds to a segment of the tRNA molecule, including the acceptor arm, amino acid arm, D loop, T loop, and anticodon loop. These elements are essential for the proper function of tRNA in protein synthesis.
What does each tRNA carries in the process of protein synthesis?
Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules carry specific amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis. Each tRNA has an anticodon that pairs with the complementary codon on the mRNA, ensuring that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
What anticodon pairs with the codon gau?
The anticodon that pairs with the codon GAU is CUA. This is based on the rules of complementary base pairing in DNA and RNA.
What is the anticodon for CGA?
The anticodon for the codon CGA is GCU. Anticodons are complementary to codons and are found on transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules during translation in protein synthesis.
What are the two functional parts of a changed tRNA?
The two functional parts of a tRNA molecule are the anticodon loop, which pairs with the mRNA codon during translation, and the amino acid attachment site, where the specific amino acid corresponding to the tRNA is bound.
