one thickness that lies on top of or under another one.
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In computing, a layer refers to a level of abstraction that separates different components or functions within a system. Layers allow for modular design, flexibility, and ease of maintenance by providing clear boundaries between different parts of a system. Examples include networking layers in OSI model and application layers in software architecture.
A basal layer is the deepest layer of the epidermis.
The waxy layer on plant leaves, called the cuticle, helps reduce water loss by preventing evaporation and providing protection against pathogens and environmental stresses like UV radiation.
Beneath the palisade layer of a leaf is the spongy mesophyll layer. This layer contains loosely packed cells with air spaces between them that allow for gas exchange, such as the intake of carbon dioxide and the release of oxygen during photosynthesis.
Leather is made from the middle layer of the dermis called the reticular layer. This layer is known for its strength and durability, making it ideal for producing leather goods.
The layers of a grassland ecosystem typically include the herbaceous layer, which consists of grasses and wildflowers, the shrub layer with low-lying woody plants, and the canopy layer comprising taller trees or tall grasses depending on the type of grassland. Each layer supports different species of plants and animals.