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Mainly depends on its energy and the amount of it.

As far as the general physiology of a living organism is concerned, small doses of radioactive particles affect random molecules inside it, creating other molecules that do not interfere with its functioning because the organism is able to process them out of the system.

As the amount of radiation increases, the case changes.

The truly heavy effect of such particles in a living organism lies in the fact that it can randomly change DNA inside a cell. Small doses will, in principle, not cause any problem, but larger doses will significantly change the DNA of a significant number of cells.

In animals, this usually leads to cancer or malformation in unborn children. Children of people exposed to high radiation may have some or extensive deficiencies because the espermatozoids/ovula of the father/mother suffered malign changes in their DNA.

Seeds of plants exposed in this way can create plants with new characteristics, often creating plants that grow larger or stronger than the original plant. If the dosage increases, the plants start showing malign characteristics.

It is defended by some that the application of a certain amount of radiation throughout a population of organisms will stimulate evolution by increasing the number of variations from which the process of natural selection can choose to keep in the species to improve it.

This is defended because the moments, when there seem to have been created more new species along the evolution of life, seem to coincide with the moments when the magnetic field of our planet was weaker and, thus, more radiation reached the creatures on its surface.

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13y ago
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4mo ago

Radioactive particles can damage living organisms by disrupting or destroying cells, DNA, and tissues, leading to mutations, genetic damage, and various health problems including cancer and radiation sickness. The extent of harm depends on the type of radiation, the dose received, and the duration of exposure.

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Q: What do radioactive particles do to living organisms?
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