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1. Abiotic Component

These include the non-living, physico - chemical factors such as air, water, soil and the basic elements and compounds of the environment.

Abiotic factors are broadly classified under three categories.

Climatic factors which include the climatic regime and physical factors of the environment like light, humidity, atmospheric temperature, wind, etc.

Edaphic factors which are related to the structure and composition of soil including its physical and chemical properties, like soil and its types, soil profile, minerals, organic matter, soil water, soil organisms.

Inorganic substances like water, carbon, sulphur, nitrogen, phosphorus and so on. Organic substances like proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, humic substances etc

2. Biotic Component

It comprises the living part of the environment, which includes the association of a number of interrelated populations belonging to different species in a common environment.

The populations are that of animal community, plant community and microbial community.

Biotic community is distinguished into autotrophs, heterotrophs and saprotrophs.

Autotrophs (Gr: auto - self, trophos - feeder) are also called producers, convertors or transducers.

These are photosynthetic plants, generally chlorophyll bearing, which synthesize high-energy complex organic compounds (food) from inorganic raw materials with the help of sunlight, and the process is referred as photosynthesis.

Autortophs form the basis of any biotic system.

In terrestrial ecosystems, the autotrophs are mainly the rooted plants.

In aquatic ecosystems, floating plants called phytoplankton and shallow water rooted plants called macrophytes are the dominant producers.

Heterotrophs (Gr: heteros - other; trophs - feeder) are called consumers, which are generally animals feeding on other organisms.

Consumer's also referred as phagotrophs (phago - to ingest or swallow) or macroconsumers are mainly herbivores and carnivores.

Herbivores are referred as First order consumers or primary consumers, as they feed directly on plants.

For e.g., Terrestrial ecosystem consumers like cattle, deer, rabbit, grass hopper, etc.

Aquatic ecosystem consumers like protozoans, crustaceans, etc.

Carnivores are animals, which feed or prey upon other animals.

Primary carnivores or Second order consumers include the animals which feed on the herbivorous animals.

For e.g., fox, frog, predatory birds, smaller fishes, snakes, etc.

Secondary carnivores or Third order consumers include the animals, which feed on the primary carnivores.

For e.g., wolf, peacock, owl, etc.

Secondary carnivores are preyed upon by some larger carnivores.

Tertiary carnivores or Quaternary consumers include the animals, which feed on the secondary carnivores.

For e.g., lion, tiger, etc.

These are not eaten by any other animals.

The larger carnivores, which cannot be preyed upon further are called top carnivores.

Saprotrophs (Gr: sapros - rotten; trophos - feeder) are also called decomposers or reducers. They break down the complex organic compounds of dead matter (of plants and animals).

Decomposers do not ingest their food. Instead they secrete digestive enzymes into the dead and decaying plant and animal remains to digest the organic material. Enzymes act upon the complex organic compounds of the dead matter.

Decomposers absorb a part of the decomposition products for their own nourishment. The remaining substances are added as minerals to the substratum (mineralisation).

Released minerals are reused (utilised) as nutrients by the plants (producers).

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12y ago
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5mo ago

The three components of an ecosystem are biotic factors (living organisms), abiotic factors (non-living elements like temperature and sunlight), and their interactions within a specific environment. These components work together to create a balanced and sustainable ecosystem.

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13y ago

Biotic components usually include:

  • Producers, i.e. autotrophs: e.g. plants; they convert the energy (from the sun, or other sources such as hydrothermal vents) into food.
  • Consumers, i.e. heterotrophs: e.g. animals; they depend upon producers for food.
  • Decomposers, i.e. detritivores: e.g. fungi and bacteria; they break down chemicals from producers and consumers into simpler form which can be reused.
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11y ago

If you payed attention in the 6th grade, you would know the answer.

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14y ago

Biotic means living.

The biotic components of an ecosystem are plants, trees, animals and people.

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14y ago

Predators

Prey

Competitors

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plants, animals, and microbes

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12y ago

producers, consumers, and decomposers

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plants, animals and non-living elements

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Q: What are the three components of ecosystem?
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What are the two components of ecosystem?

The two main components of an ecosystem are abiotic factors, which include non-living elements like soil, water, and climate; and biotic factors, which refer to all living organisms such as plants, animals, and microorganisms that interact within the ecosystem. Both components are interconnected and play a crucial role in maintaining the balance and function of the ecosystem.


A community and all of the nonliving things that affect it?

This can be referred to as an ecosystem. An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with each other and their physical environment. It includes both biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) components that work together to create a balanced and sustainable environment.


Three differences between biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem?

in biology,abiotic components are non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment.and biotic means pertaining to life or living organisms,it it produced or caused by living beings.it refers to the living components in ecosystems.


What are 2 major components of an ecosystem?

Two major components of an ecosystem are abiotic factors (non-living components such as air, water, and soil) and biotic factors (living organisms such as plants, animals, and microorganisms). These components interact and depend on each other to maintain balance and sustainability within the ecosystem.


What are the two components of an ecosystem?

The two main components of an ecosystem are abiotic factors (non-living components like sunlight, temperature, water, soil) and biotic factors (living organisms like plants, animals, fungi, bacteria). Together, these components interact and depend on each other to maintain the balance and functioning of the ecosystem.

Related questions

If you were to create a complete ecosystem what components would you include in it?

if you were to create acomponents ecosystem what components would you include in it??/


What are the two components of ecosystem?

The two main components of an ecosystem are abiotic factors, which include non-living elements like soil, water, and climate; and biotic factors, which refer to all living organisms such as plants, animals, and microorganisms that interact within the ecosystem. Both components are interconnected and play a crucial role in maintaining the balance and function of the ecosystem.


Major components of an ecosystem?

Are Organisms.


A community and all of the nonliving things that affect it?

This can be referred to as an ecosystem. An ecosystem is a community of living organisms interacting with each other and their physical environment. It includes both biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) components that work together to create a balanced and sustainable environment.


Does a ecosystem need living things?

Yes, living things are essential components of an ecosystem. They interact with the abiotic (non-living) components of the ecosystem, such as water, soil, and sunlight, to maintain balance and functionality within the ecosystem. Without living things, an ecosystem would not be able to function properly.


Does an ecosystem consist of energy?

yes an ecosystem consist of energy and orther components


How does the living components of n ecosystem affect the non living components?

yes


What are the most important components of a forest ecosystem?

The most important components of a forest ecosystem include the trees, soil, plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms. These elements work together to create a balanced and diverse ecosystem that supports a wide range of life forms and ecological processes.


What are the Functional features of ecosystem?

the two functional features of ecosystem are-biotic and abiotic components.


Three differences between biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem?

in biology,abiotic components are non-living chemical and physical factors in the environment.and biotic means pertaining to life or living organisms,it it produced or caused by living beings.it refers to the living components in ecosystems.


What are the ecological components?

Ecological components refer to the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) factors that interact within an ecosystem. Biotic components include plants, animals, and microorganisms, while abiotic components include sunlight, water, soil, and climate. Together, these components determine the structure and function of an ecosystem.


What are the different parts of an ecosystem?

An ecosystem consists of biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) components. The biotic components include plants, animals, and microbes, while the abiotic components include soil, water, sunlight, and temperature. These components interact with each other to create a balanced and sustainable ecosystem.