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The steps in Gram staining are:

1. crystal violet added to the smear

2. iodine, the mordant (this fixes the violet)

3. a decolorizer made of acetone and alcohol

4. safranin, the counterstain

If the cell is Gram +, the decolorizer can not remove the violet. If it is Gram -, the decolorizer can remove the violet and the cell can be then colored with the dye, safranin.

Bacteria are grouped in 4 groups by Gram stain:

Gram-positive, the cell wall retains crystal Violet.

Gram-negative, the cell wall does not retain crystal Violet.

Graham not reactive, no staining whatsoever.

Graham variable, uneven staining.

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11y ago
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4mo ago

In a Gram stain, the reagents used are crystal violet (primary stain), iodine (mordant), ethanol or acetone (decolorizer), and safranin (counterstain). The steps involved in a Gram stain include applying crystal violet, rinsing with iodine, decolorizing with alcohol/acetone, and counterstaining with safranin. Gram-positive bacteria retain the crystal violet stain and appear purple, while Gram-negative bacteria lose the crystal violet stain and take up the safranin, appearing pink under the microscope.

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10y ago

The four reagents are: Crystal violet, Gram's iodine, Decolorizing solution (an alcohol-based solution) and Safranin (or basic fuchsin).

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13y ago

list the steps of the gram staining procedure

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13y ago

Crystal violet, Gram's iodine, alcohol, and safranin

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Q: What are the reagents and steps min a Gram stain?
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How can you differentiate gram positive and gram negative bacteria?

Gram positive bacteria have a thicker peptidoglycan layer in their cell wall, which retains the crystal violet stain during the Gram staining process, giving them a purple color. Gram negative bacteria have a thinner peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane, which does not retain the stain, causing them to appear pink when counterstained with safranin.


How do scientists distinguish between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?

The process of gram staining is simple. 1)smear bacteria from pure culture onto slide, heat fix 2)flood with crystal violet (1min) 3)Add iodine (1 min) 4)acid/alcohol wash (1 min) 5)Flood with safranine (1min) 6)Air dry and examine. These times are for clinical microbiology and experimental methods employ optimal and more precise times (but overall its pretty close). Down side of this method is that you must smear bacteria onto the slide and fix it by heating the underside of the slide with a bunsen burner. if they are pink then you have gram negative (Gram's stain didnt stick) if its purple then its gram positive(Gram's stain did stick) This is due to the peptidoglycan layers. Gram negative bacteria have only a thin layer of peptidoglycan as part of the cell membrane/wall where Gram positive have a very think peptidoglycan layer. Source(s): Medical Microbiology


How do scientists distinguish between Gram- positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

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What is the technique for gram staining test?

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