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How does the eukaryotic initiation complex locate the true start codon?

Anonymous

∙ 10y ago

Updated: 6/20/2024

The initiation complex moves the small ribosomal subunit through the 5 UTR, scanning for the start AUG

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∙ 10y ago

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The eukaryotic initiation complex locates the true start codon by scanning the mRNA molecule from the 5' cap, aided by initiation factors. The complex recognizes the start codon (usually AUG) in a favorable sequence context and assembles around it to initiate translation.

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Continue Learning about Biology

How is translation initiated in cell biology?

Translation in cell biology is initiated when the ribosome binds to the mRNA molecule. The initiation complex is formed with the help of initiation factors, and the process begins at the start codon AUG. Once the ribosome is properly positioned, the translation of the mRNA into a protein can proceed.

What amino acid is encoded by the initiation codon AUG?

Methionine is the amino acid encoded by the initiation codon AUG. It serves as the start codon for protein translation in most organisms.

What is the difference between the Kozak sequence and the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in terms of their roles in translation initiation?

The Kozak sequence is found in eukaryotic mRNA and helps the ribosome to identify the start codon for translation initiation. The Shine-Dalgarno sequence is found in prokaryotic mRNA and helps the ribosome to bind to the mRNA and start translation. Both sequences play important roles in translation initiation, but they are specific to different types of organisms.

What are the differences between the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and the Kozak sequence in terms of their roles in translation initiation?

The Shine-Dalgarno sequence is found in prokaryotic mRNA and helps ribosomes bind to the mRNA to start translation. The Kozak sequence is found in eukaryotic mRNA and helps ribosomes identify the start codon for translation initiation. Both sequences play important roles in translation initiation, but they are specific to different types of organisms.

How is the initiation of translation regulated within the cell?

The initiation of translation in a cell is regulated by a complex process involving several key factors. One important regulator is the binding of the ribosome to the mRNA molecule, which is facilitated by initiation factors. Another crucial step is the recognition of the start codon on the mRNA by the initiator tRNA. Additionally, regulatory proteins and signaling pathways can influence the initiation of translation by controlling the availability of initiation factors and ribosomes. Overall, the regulation of translation initiation ensures that protein synthesis is carefully controlled and coordinated within the cell.

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Related Questions

Where does initiation of translation occur?

An initiation complex for translation forms by the assembly of the ribosomal subunits and initiator tRNA (met-tRNA) at the start codon on the mRNA.

The initiation codon for the process of protein synthesis in eukaryotes is?

AUG

What is the initiation code on the m-rna that the ribosome recognizes?

Recognition of the initiation codon is generally mediated by base-pairing

How is translation initiated in cell biology?

Translation in cell biology is initiated when the ribosome binds to the mRNA molecule. The initiation complex is formed with the help of initiation factors, and the process begins at the start codon AUG. Once the ribosome is properly positioned, the translation of the mRNA into a protein can proceed.

What amino acid is encoded by the initiation codon AUG?

Methionine is the amino acid encoded by the initiation codon AUG. It serves as the start codon for protein translation in most organisms.

What is the step of translation in which an mRNA a small ribosomal subunit and the initiator tRNA are aligned together is?

The step of translation in which an mRNA, a small ribosomal subunit, and the initiator tRNA are aligned together is called initiation. This process occurs with the formation of the initiation complex, where the mRNA binds to the small ribosomal subunit and the initiator tRNA carrying methionine binds to the start codon on the mRNA.

What are the three stages called for Initiation elongation and termination?

The three stages in protein synthesis are initiation, elongation, and termination. In initiation, the ribosome assembles on the mRNA and finds the start codon. During elongation, amino acids are added to the growing polypeptide chain. Termination occurs when a stop codon is reached, signaling the end of protein synthesis.

What are the differences between the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and the Kozak sequence in terms of their roles in translation initiation?

The Shine-Dalgarno sequence is found in prokaryotic mRNA and helps ribosomes bind to the mRNA to start translation. The Kozak sequence is found in eukaryotic mRNA and helps ribosomes identify the start codon for translation initiation. Both sequences play important roles in translation initiation, but they are specific to different types of organisms.

What is the difference between the Kozak sequence and the Shine-Dalgarno sequence in terms of their roles in translation initiation?

The Kozak sequence is found in eukaryotic mRNA and helps the ribosome to identify the start codon for translation initiation. The Shine-Dalgarno sequence is found in prokaryotic mRNA and helps the ribosome to bind to the mRNA and start translation. Both sequences play important roles in translation initiation, but they are specific to different types of organisms.

How is the initiation of translation regulated within the cell?

The initiation of translation in a cell is regulated by a complex process involving several key factors. One important regulator is the binding of the ribosome to the mRNA molecule, which is facilitated by initiation factors. Another crucial step is the recognition of the start codon on the mRNA by the initiator tRNA. Additionally, regulatory proteins and signaling pathways can influence the initiation of translation by controlling the availability of initiation factors and ribosomes. Overall, the regulation of translation initiation ensures that protein synthesis is carefully controlled and coordinated within the cell.

What codon must every mRNA begin with?

Every mRNA must begin with the start codon AUG, which codes for the amino acid methionine. This start codon marks the site where translation should begin on the mRNA molecule.

Which codon engages a ribosome to start translating mrna molecule?

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