Genotype frequencies stay the same in a population when evolution is not occurring due to genetic equilibrium, which is maintained by factors like random mating, no mutations, no gene flow, a large population size, and no natural selection.
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Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium predicts that allele and genotype frequencies will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary forces such as selection, mutation, migration, and genetic drift. So, after one generation of random mating, the allele and genotype frequencies in the population will remain the same.
Unless there are factors such as mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, or natural selection that can cause changes in allele frequencies within a population. This concept is known as the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, which describes the conditions under which allele and genotype frequencies remain stable over time in a population.
Genotype frequencies in a population.
To solve a Hardy-Weinberg problem, you need to use the formula p2 2pq q2 1, where p and q represent the frequencies of two alleles in a population. First, determine the allele frequencies using the given information. Then, use the formula to calculate the expected genotype frequencies. Compare the expected and observed genotype frequencies to determine if the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
Hardy-Weinberg problems typically involve calculating allele frequencies and genotype frequencies in a population under certain assumptions. For example, you may be asked to determine the frequency of individuals with a specific genotype, or to calculate the frequency of a particular allele in a population.