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Is the mitochondrial membrane permeable to protons?
Yes, the mitochondrial membrane is permeable to protons.
What is the location of the Krebs cycle?
In the mitochondrial matrix is where the Krebs Cycle occurs. A pool of chemical energy of ATP, NADH, and FADH2 is generated from the oxidation of pyruvate.
Where in the mitochondria is the proteins of the ETC located?
The proteins of the electron transport chain (ETC) are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This is where the series of complexes involved in electron transfer and ATP production are situated.
What are the 4 main stages of cellular respiration and where do they take place in a eukaryotic cell?
The 4 main stages of cellular respiration are glycolysis (in the cytoplasm), pyruvate oxidation (in the mitochondria), the citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle (in the mitochondria), and oxidative phosphorylation (in the inner mitochondrial membrane).
When glucose is catabolized under aerobic conditions will cross the mitochondrial wall and enter the Kreb's cycle?
Yes, when glucose is catabolized under aerobic conditions, it is converted to pyruvate through glycolysis in the cytoplasm. Pyruvate then enters the mitochondria where it is converted to acetyl-CoA, which enters the Krebs cycle to produce energy in the form of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
What has to be present for Pyruvate to enter the mitochondria?
The mitochondrial membrane has special transporter proteins which are needed to transport pyruvate. This transport also requires ATP.
Which compound cannot cross the inner membrane of mitochondria?
ATP, being a large hydrophilic molecule, cannot freely cross the inner membrane of mitochondria. It requires specific transporters, such as the adenine nucleotide translocase, for its entry into the mitochondrial matrix.
What substance do the carrier proteins transport across the inner mitochondrial membrane?
Carrier proteins transport various substances across the inner mitochondrial membrane, primarily including metabolites such as pyruvate, fatty acids, and adenosine nucleotides. Notably, the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier facilitates the transport of pyruvate into the mitochondria for energy production. Additionally, the adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) exchanges ADP and ATP across the membrane, playing a crucial role in cellular energy metabolism.
What process transport pyruvic acid across the mitochondrial membrane from a high concentration to low concentration?
Pyruvic acid is transported into the mitochondria through a carrier protein known as the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC). The MPC uses the energy stored in the proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane to move pyruvate against its concentration gradient. This process helps maintain the flow of pyruvate from the cytoplasm into the mitochondria for further energy production through aerobic respiration.
What is the exact location of pyruvate oxidation in the mitochondrion?
Pyruvate oxidation takes place in the mitochondrial matrix. Here, pyruvate is converted into acetyl-CoA by the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which is a critical step in aerobic respiration.
Where is pyruvate metabolized?
pyruvate is converted into acetyl coA in the mitochondrial matrix
Does pyruvate oxidation occur in the cytoplasm?
Pyruvate is broken down oxidized to CO2 in the mitochondria. The oxidation of pyruvate also reduces coenzymes NADH and FADH2. The electrons from these coenzymes are fed through the electron transport chain and eventually end up on oxygen creating water. The transport of electrons through the ETC pumps protons (H+) from the mitochondrial matrix to the inner membrane space. This creates a proton gradient that forces protons back through an integral membrane protein in the inner mitochondrial membrane called ATP Synthase. The rotation of ATP Synthase creates ATP from ADP and Pi.
Is the mitochondrial membrane permeable to protons?
Yes, the mitochondrial membrane is permeable to protons.
Which stages of energy metabolism occur in which compartments of the mitochondrion?
Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm, followed by pyruvate entering the mitochondria for the TCA cycle in the mitochondrial matrix. Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation take place in the inner mitochondrial membrane space.
What membrane do protons cross in the synthesis of ATP?
Protons cross the inner mitochondrial membrane during ATP synthesis in a process known as oxidative phosphorylation. This movement of protons creates a gradient that is used to drive the production of ATP by ATP synthase.
What molecule crosses the mitochondrial membrane?
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) crosses the mitochondrial membrane to provide energy for cellular processes.
What is the location of the Krebs cycle?
In the mitochondrial matrix is where the Krebs Cycle occurs. A pool of chemical energy of ATP, NADH, and FADH2 is generated from the oxidation of pyruvate.
