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At the beginning of translation, the first tRNA molecule, carrying the amino acid methionine, binds to the start codon (AUG) on the mRNA. This tRNA molecule recognizes the start codon through base pairing and initiates the assembly of the ribosome on the mRNA strand.
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When a tRNA anticodon bind to an mRNA codon the amino acid detaches from the tRNA molecule and attaches to the end of a growing protein chain?
Yes, when a tRNA anticodon binds to an mRNA codon during translation, the amino acid that was carried by the tRNA detaches from the tRNA molecule and becomes part of a growing polypeptide chain. This process ensures that the protein is built in the correct sequence dictated by the mRNA codons.
What are base sequences in tRNA called?
Anticodons
What is the RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to the growing end of a polypeptide chain during translation?
The RNA molecule responsible for transferring amino acids to the growing end of a polypeptide chain during translation is called transfer RNA (tRNA). Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid and has an anticodon region that base pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA.
What molecules transport amino acids from the cytoplasm and the ribosome for translation?
Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules are responsible for transporting amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome for translation. Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid and recognizes the corresponding codon on the mRNA during protein synthesis.
How did the P site of the ribosome get its name?
The P site of the ribosome stands for peptidyl-tRNA site, as it is where the peptidyl-tRNA molecule is positioned during protein synthesis. The naming convention for ribosome sites comes from the type of molecule that occupies each site during translation.
Which two structures are first to combine in translation?
The small ribosomal subunit and the initiator tRNA molecule are the first two structures to combine in translation. The initiator tRNA molecule carries the amino acid methionine, which is the first amino acid in the polypeptide chain.
In which step of translation does the tRNA become charged?
The tRNA becomes charged during the step of translation called aminoacylation. This process involves the attachment of an amino acid to the tRNA molecule, forming an aminoacyl-tRNA complex.
When the ribosome moves to the right what happens to the first tRNA molecule?
The first tRNA molecule is released as the ribosome moves to the right during translation. It is no longer needed once it has delivered its amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain.
Where is the initiator tRNA first attached to the mRNA?
The initiator tRNA is first attached at the start codon (AUG) on the mRNA. The anticodon of the initiator tRNA base pairs with the start codon, signaling the beginning of translation.
What step happens in translation?
The ribosome reaches the start codon.
What is attached to the tRNA molecule?
A specific amino acid is attached to the tRNA molecule, forming an aminoacyl-tRNA. This attachment occurs at the 3’ end of the tRNA molecule through an ester bond and is catalyzed by the enzyme aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. The amino acid linked to the tRNA is determined by the tRNA's anticodon sequence and is essential for protein synthesis during translation.
When a tRNA anticodon bind to an mRNA codon the amino acid detaches from the tRNA molecule and attaches to the end of a growing protein chain?
Yes, when a tRNA anticodon binds to an mRNA codon during translation, the amino acid that was carried by the tRNA detaches from the tRNA molecule and becomes part of a growing polypeptide chain. This process ensures that the protein is built in the correct sequence dictated by the mRNA codons.
What are base sequences in tRNA called?
Anticodons
What is the RNA molecule that transfers amino acids to the growing end of a polypeptide chain during translation?
The RNA molecule responsible for transferring amino acids to the growing end of a polypeptide chain during translation is called transfer RNA (tRNA). Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid and has an anticodon region that base pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA.
During translation which type of RNA carries amino acids to ribosomes?
If a molecule of mRNA has AUG as its codon, what anticodon must its complementary tRNA contain?
What molecules transport amino acids from the cytoplasm and the ribosome for translation?
Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules are responsible for transporting amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosome for translation. Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid and recognizes the corresponding codon on the mRNA during protein synthesis.
How did the P site of the ribosome get its name?
The P site of the ribosome stands for peptidyl-tRNA site, as it is where the peptidyl-tRNA molecule is positioned during protein synthesis. The naming convention for ribosome sites comes from the type of molecule that occupies each site during translation.
