Rear bumpers on passenger cars are required by the NTSB.
bumpers headlights
Older cars often had chromium plated bumpers (fenders) more modern cars tend to have either black bumpers or bumpers which are the same colour as the main body of the car (body colour bumpers).
the bumpers
Chromium
what do you mean early cars? bumpers and seatbelts and lots of steel.
usually but not always
Body color bumpers.
For along time bumpers have been made to protect the bodywork of a car in the event of low speed collision, such as at stops or traffic lights. Bumpers are relatively cheap compared to body sections of cars, and often prevent a lot of body damage. In a high speed collision it doesn't matter whether you have bumpers or not, lots of bodywork will be wrecked.
The less weight, the better the fuel mileage.
most modern cars have a towing eye. just doesn't look like the ones on race cars. they are usually hidden either in or beneath the bumpers
Because The Chromium blockes out oxogen so the bumber doesnt rust