If it is makeing a noise or is not putting out at least 13.5 volts it is bad. Take the car or the alternator to an Auto Parts store and have them load test the alternator to be sure.
You should be getting 14 volts from the alternator.
The voltage should be in the range of 13.2 to 14 or so volts. It should not go over 15 volts.
It could be the battery or the alternator. Take it to an auto parts store and ask them to do a test of your battery and alternator. Most large auto parts chain stores will do this for free.
Use a DVOM (Digital Volt Ohm Meter) to see how many volts are output at the battery if it 13.3 to 14.4 the alternator is putting out the right voltage. Now you need to test that it is putting out enough amps, some dvom s have an inductive pick up clamp you can use to read the amps. Otherwise O'reilys, advance, pep boys auto parts will usually test it for free while it is in the car
Watts = Volts X Amps. Amps=Watt / Volts. So, with a 240V mains, a 60W bulb draws 0.25amps. On a 12 system (car/auto) a 60W bulb draws 5 amps. On a 110V mains, a 60W bulb draws .55 Amps.
You can get gauges with instructions at auto parts stores Oil Pressure, engine temp, amps or volts
When the battery light illuminates on the dash and the alternator puts out less than 13 volts. If you question the condition of the alternator, drive to your local auto parts store and they can test the vehicles charging system for you for zip.
Test the volts out with a Volt Meter. Or take it to Advance Auto Parts. They will check it for free.
You need a voltmeter. A fully charged battery is 12.6 volts. With the engine running the voltage on the battery supplied by the alternator should be 13 to 14 volts. A few auto parts stores will do the check for you if the battery has enough charge to get you there.
It could be two things. As you know, the alternator charges the battery so it will not drain. If the alternator is not working properly to charge the battery, the battery will continuously drain. Have the alternator tested at your local Auto Parts store (NAPA or Advance Auto) If it is good, have the battery checked.
The best way is to drive it to your nearest auto parts store and have it tested. You can test it somewhat yourself. Start the engine and use a volt meter to test the voltage that is being supplied by the alternator for the battery. If it is less than 13.5 volts the alternator is bad.