Orbiting telescopes are located in the sky, where it is not affected by the turbulence of the atmosphere, while ground-based telescopes are located on the ground, where the atmospheric turbulence (the moving of air) is greater.
This is also the reason that some telescopes are built on mountains where the atmosphere is thinner and turbulence is smaller.
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Most large telescopes are reflectors instead of refractors because reflectors are better at gathering and focusing light, allowing for clearer and more detailed images of distant objects in space. Reflectors also do not suffer from chromatic aberration, a common issue with refractors that can distort images.
Astronomers prefer dark skies with minimal light pollution to better observe celestial objects and phenomena. Brightly glowing clouds and moonlit nights can hinder their observations. Additionally, artificial lights can interfere with sensitive astronomical instruments, making it challenging to study and capture faint cosmic signals.
Astronomers prefer to observe stars from high altitudes because it reduces the amount of atmosphere through which the starlight must pass. This reduces atmospheric distortion and improves image clarity. High-altitude observatories also often have clearer skies and less light pollution, which further enhances visibility.
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No, moons do not have moons orbiting around them. Moons are natural satellites that orbit around planets, while planets orbit around stars like the sun. Moons are not large enough to have their own moons orbiting around them.