A star in a transitional phase where fusion is increasing causing an increase in the radiation pressure opposing gravitational contraction.
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An expanded star is a star that has reached later stages of its life cycle where it has increased in size and luminosity. This expansion is typically caused by changes in the star's core, leading to the outer layers swelling up. Examples of expanded stars include red giants and supergiants.
A dwarf star is denser than a giant star. Dwarf stars have a higher density due to their smaller size and higher mass compared to giant stars. Giant stars have larger volumes and lower densities as they have expanded and become less dense towards the end of their life cycle.
Caph, also known as Beta Cassiopeiae, is a yellow-white giant star located in the constellation Cassiopeia. It is about five times the size of the Sun and is at a stage of its evolution where it has expanded and cooled from its main sequence phase.
Torcular is a type of Mira variable star that exhibits pulsations and periodic changes in brightness. These stars are red giants that have expanded and are nearing the end of their life cycle, with their outer layers becoming unstable and pulsating.
Betelgeuse is very big because is formed as a large star, and later it expanded even more as it ages, this creates its current size.
The correct order is red giant followed by white dwarf. A red giant is a stage in the life cycle of a star where it has expanded and cooled. After the red giant phase, the star sheds its outer layers and the core collapses to form a white dwarf.