A rocket is a vehicle that uses propellants to generate thrust for propulsion. The propellants are ignited in a combustion chamber, creating a high-pressure gas that is expelled through a nozzle at the rear of the rocket. This action creates a reaction force known as thrust, propelling the rocket forward.
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A rocket works on the principle of Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. The rocket propels itself forward by expelling mass in one direction (exhaust gases) at high speeds, causing the rocket to move in the opposite direction.
Robert Stephenson invented the Rocket in England at the Forth Street Works in Newcastle upon Tyne.
The principle on which a rocket works is Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Rockets generate thrust by expelling propellant at high speeds in one direction, causing the rocket to move in the opposite direction.
A rocket stays in orbit by achieving enough horizontal speed so that its forward motion matches the rate at which it falls towards Earth due to gravity. This results in a state of continuous free-fall around the planet, which maintains the rocket in orbit without it falling back to Earth. Additionally, the rocket's trajectory and speed are carefully controlled to keep it within the desired orbital path.
The rocket that came before the Mercury rocket was the Redstone rocket. The Redstone rocket was used for suborbital flights before the Mercury program began.