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The solar energy that reaches the planet is called solar radiation.
The primary source of light and heat energy for Earth is the Sun. The Sun's radiation travels through space and reaches Earth, providing the energy necessary for life to exist on our planet.
After a meteoroid hits Earth, it is called a meteorite. This is when the space rock survives its journey through the atmosphere and reaches the planet's surface.
Energy from the sun is carried to the Earth in the form of electromagnetic radiation, mainly in the form of sunlight. This energy travels through space and reaches our planet, where it is absorbed by the Earth's surface and atmosphere to warm the planet and drive various processes such as photosynthesis.
When the sun's energy hits the Earth, approximately 30% is reflected back into space, 20% is absorbed by the atmosphere, and the remaining 50% reaches the Earth's surface where it is absorbed and used for various processes like heating the planet and powering the water cycle.