Their bones, heart, and muscles begin to waste away because they cannot strengthen themselves by working against Earth's gravity; if they return from over 8 months in space, their bones would instantly break. It's not a pretty picture.
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Astronauts in space for a long time may experience muscle atrophy, bone density loss, weakened immune system, and changes in vision due to the effects of microgravity. They also may experience psychological challenges such as feelings of isolation and confinement. To counteract these effects, astronauts follow a strict exercise regimen and receive regular medical check-ups while in space.
Astronauts typically spend around two weeks in quarantine before their space mission to ensure they are not carrying any germs or illnesses that could affect their health during their time in space. This quarantine period helps protect both the astronauts and their crewmates on the mission.
They study how long to get to planets and if there is life in outer space.
What do astronauts eat when travelling in space for long period of time? You must have also wondered how they are even able to eat in their weightless state.In fact,like us, they both solid and liquids foods.They have their food directly from closed packets, so that it does not fly, This food provides them with all the food constituents and vitamins they need.....!!
The term "artificial gravity" refers to using science technology to create gravity. This is usually desired by astronauts and space organizations such as NASA to keep their astronauts healthy and to minimize the effects of weightlessness on astronauts during long term space travel.
The first astronauts were recruited from previous fighter pilots, and that profession was only open for males, so no female astronauts.