What did Galileo conclude from his observations of Jupiter and Venus?

Answer 1

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the heavenly bodies were composed of material substance just like Earth, not pure orbs of light.

Answer 2

Galieo discovered that the moon has mountains and that the Sun spins. He also discovered that Venus has phases like the Moon. One of Galileos most important discoveries was that Jupiter has four moons that orbit around it.

Answer 3

Galileo made important discoveries with the telescope. The moons of Jupiter could be seen orbiting round Jupiter, the first objects discovered that did not orbit round the Earth, as people believed then.

He also discovered the phases of Venus, and noticed a gibbous phase when Venus is far off and remote.

Both these major discoveries demonstrated faults with the accepted Ptolemaic theory. Galileo concluded that the other theory, the Copernican system with the Sun at the centre, must be right.

In the end Kepler's system was found to be correct. All it has in common with the Copernican system was the idea that the Sun in the centre, but other than that Kepler used an entirely new concept of elliptical orbits.

Answer 4

Galileo concluded that Earth was not the center of the universe and that other celestial bodies, like Jupiter and Venus, had moons and changed phases, just like our moon. This supported Copernicus' heliocentric model of the solar system.

Answer 5

Galileo's observations seemed to indicate that the heavenly bodies were made from material substances similar to Earth. Before that, it was thought they were just orbs of light.