The Moon is greatly unlike Earth because Earth is surrounded by an atmosphere that is made up of nitrogen, carbon dioxide, argon, and oxygen, which stands as the direct reason for Earth's ability to have life. The Earth also has dimensions that the Moon does not that include the ionosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, and the troposphere. In the troposphere namely, the method of convection occurs, which pushes hot air from the ground up and pulls cold air down from the skies. Also, our planet has another aspect that the Moon does not and that is called the greenhouse effect, which essentially the partial trapping of solar radiation by a planetary atmosphere. Because of our extra amenities that allows for us to maintain life on Earth, we can compare it to the Moon, which does not have the same composition as us and therefore, is more likely to face drastic temperature changes.
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Yes, the Moon experiences extreme temperature variations due to its lack of atmosphere. During the daytime, temperatures can reach up to 127 degrees Celsius (260 degrees Fahrenheit), while at nighttime they can drop as low as -173 degrees Celsius (-279 degrees Fahrenheit).
Mars is the planet with temperatures ranging from -13°C in its coldest regions to 37°C in its warmer regions. These temperature extremes make it a harsh environment for any potential human visitors.
The Shuttle experienced temperature swings between the day/night terminator of between +140° C and -140° C. All Earth orbital satellites are also tested to those temperature extremes prior to launch.
No. Earth's core temperature is determined by processes within the Earth.
One way in which Earth and the Moon contrast is in their size. Earth is significantly larger than the Moon, both in terms of diameter and mass. This size contrast is also reflected in their gravitational forces and atmospheres.
Temperature extremes can be caused by a variety of factors, including climate change, geographic location, weather patterns (such as heatwaves or cold snaps), urban heat island effects, and natural events like volcanic eruptions or solar radiation variations. These factors can lead to spikes in temperature well above or below the normal range for a particular area.