The upper layer is different from the bottom layer because the bottom layer has more gualities to a living thing than the upper layer.
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The gas you are referring to might be ozone. The effect caused by ozone in the upper atmosphere is the formation of the ozone layer. This layer protects Earth by absorbing the majority of the sun's harmful ultraviolet radiation.
The ozone layer within the Earth's atmosphere acts as a filter for the sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation. It absorbs most of the incoming UV rays, protecting life on Earth from their damaging effects.
The thermosphere is the layer of Earth's atmosphere that lies above the mesosphere and extends to outer space.
The lower atmosphere, also known as the troposphere, is the layer closest to the Earth's surface where weather events occur. The upper atmosphere includes the stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere, extending from the troposphere to space. The upper atmosphere plays a role in processes like ozone formation and protecting Earth from harmful solar radiation.
The stratosphere is the layer of the atmosphere that contains the strong and steady winds known as the jet stream. This wind flow occurs at upper levels of the troposphere and lower levels of the stratosphere, with speeds reaching up to 200 mph.